Genetic Variation and its Control

Question 1

asexual reproduction

Answer 1

one parent

clone- no variation

Question 2

how is genetic information stored in cells?

Answer 2

DNA is the chemical which has a code to store genetic information, Genes are made of DNA and genes are stored in chromosomes. Chromosomes are in the nucleus of a cell

Question 3

characteristics that are controlled by genes..

Answer 3

genetic governed variation is called discontinuous variation. eg. eye colour or hair colour

Question 4

characteristics that are controlled by environment and genes or environmental…

Answer 4

environmental or genetic and environmental is called continuous variation. eg. height and weight

Question 5

variation occurs due to what three factors?

Answer 5

genetics: we are a unique mix of our parents DNA
environment: eg. our diet, climate, upbringing
mutations: sudden changed in DNA

Question 6

what is cloning

Answer 6

cloning is the way in which many organisms reproduce.

Question 7

what is genetic engineering?

Answer 7

a process where genes from one species are cut and inserted into another species. This gives the species a new characteristic

Question 8

cuttings…

Answer 8

used in plants
low technology needed
take small piece of a plant and put in soil to create another of the same plant
positive: easy and cheap
negative: plants can rot

Question 9

embryo transplant…

Answer 9

• create an embryo (sexual reproduction
• split up cells and grow embryos
• grow in surrogate mother
• clones made (genetically identical)
  positive: clones produced
  negative: reduces genetic diversity

Question 10

fusion cell cloning…

Answer 10

• take egg cell, empty of genetic material
• take a cell of what you want to clone and take out chromosomes
• put in empty egg cell and shock
• grow embryos in surrogate
  positive: many copies can be made
  negative: less generics diversity

Question 11

negatives of cloning?

Answer 11

hard to clone and expensive
wouldn’t be the exact same animal
it is not understood
do we really need it?

Question 12

positives of cloning?

Answer 12

pets and farm animals can be cloned
it can help conditions like blindness
cheaper food
more food

Question 13

what are gametes?

Answer 13

Gametes are sex cells. The male gametes are the sperm, and the female gametes are the eggs. Gametes contain one set of genetic information, while body cells contain two sets of genetic information.

Question 14

sexual reproduction

Answer 14

two parents

variation caused by gametes mixing chromosomes