Genetic variation and change

Question 1

Independent assortment

Answer 1

The random way that the homologous pairs of the chromosome line up in the centre of the cell.

Question 2

Crossing over

Answer 2

Is the way that non-sister chromatids in homologous pairs exchange genes, by bits of chromatid snapping off and swapping to the homologue nearby.

Question 3

Segregation

Answer 3

is a term for the way that each four chromatids in each homologous pair will end up in a separate egg or of sperm

Question 4

Incomplete dominance

Answer 4

is how one allele for a specific trait is not completely dominant over the other allele. Blended phenotype

Question 5

Lethal alleles

Answer 5

A gene that is fatal to the organsim

Question 6

Linked genes

Answer 6

genes on the same chromosome

Question 7

Multiple alleles

Answer 7

when there are more than two possible alleles for a trait.

Question 8

allele frequency

Answer 8

relative frequency of an allele in the population

Question 9

Bottleneck effect

Answer 9

Changes in a population beacuse of a terrible event less genetic diversity.

Question 10

Founder effect

Answer 10

a small number of individuals move into a new area and carry with them a non-representaive sample of alleles from the parent population gene pool.

Question 11

Genetic drift

Answer 11

Changes in a gene pool of a population due to a random/chance event

Question 12

gene pool

Answer 12

all of the genes and their different alleles present in a population at a particular time.

Question 13

Gene flow

Answer 13

the movement of individuals in and out of a population

Question 14

co-domiance

Answer 14

when both alleles are active

Question 15

natural selection

Answer 15

how some organisms are better suited to the environment so will go on and reproduce and hand on favourable traits to offspring.