Genetic Unit Test Flashcards
Involves 2 species to mate
Selective breeding
Involves the
manipulation
of genes
Genetic Engineering
Tough wild boars mated with friendly meaty pigs
give you robust & meaty pigs for your farm.
Selective Breeding
Must be performed in a lab with special equipment
Genetic Engineering
Don’t need any special tools or lab
Selective Breeding
used mostly for dogs,
cats, other pets, cattle, and crops.
Selective Breeding
Reduces the chance of getting “undesirable”
organisms
Genetic Engineering
crosses
(mates) organisms with
desirable traits to produce
offspring that have the traits
from both parents!
Selective Breeding
Involves mating
organisms with different “desirable” traits
to get offspring with the
Selective Breeding
It produces an organism that has a new trait it
would most likely not have developed on its
own
Genetic Engineering
only requires one person and normally it can split into two can make offspring without another parent.
Asexual reproduction
two parents come together to make an offspring with egg and sperm.
sexual reproduction
The trait that always will show up in the DNA
Dominant Trait
They determine traits. A stretch of DNA on a chromosome with instructions for one trait. DNA contains this.
Genes
Genes that have 2 identical alleles. Homo means the same (RR,rr)
Homozygous
The physical characteristics of a trait, or what it looks like.
Phenotype
Taking DNA from one organism and inserting
it into another organism’s DNA sequence to
ensure the organism will have a specific trait.
Genetic Engineering
Can be performed easily by farmers &
breeders
Selective Breeding
Identifying certain genes and moving or removing genes.
Genetic Engineering
The genetic makeup of an individual that is represented by 2 letters
Genotype
different versions of the same trait. We use letters to represent those traits. Everyone has two of these
alleles
The trait that is overcome by a dominant trait. Can only show up if there are two of them.
Recessive trait
Genes that have 2 different alleles. Hetero means different. (Rr)
Heterozygous
Where do you find DNA?
In the Nucleus in the chromosome
cell division usually in prokaryotes that forms two genetically identical cells.
Fission
a new organism grows by mitosis and cell division on the body of its parent.
Budding
occurs when an offspring grows from a piece of its parent
Regeneration
uniform offspring grow from one part of a parent plant. (Strawberries, crabgrass)
Vegetative Propagation
