Genetic Mutations and Engineering Flashcards
Karyotype
A photomicrograph of all the chromosomes in a typical dividing cell
What are most karyotypes called?
Autosomes
What are 1 pair of karyotypes called?
Sex chromosomes
Genetic mapping is also known as
Chromosome mapping
A technique showing a linear order of genes on a chromosome
Genetic mapping (chromosome mapping)
Genetic mapping (chromosome mapping)
A technique showing a linear order of genes on a chromosome
How many mutations are there?
2
What are the 2 mutations?
Chromosome mutations
Gene mutations
Involve changed to the STRUCTURE of a chromosome or the adding or the subtraction of a chromosome
Chromosome mutations
Chromosome mutations
Involve changed to the STRUCTURE of a chromosome or the adding or the subtraction of a chromosome
What are the 4 kinds of chromosome mutations?
Deletion
Inversion
Transcription
Non-disjunction
A piece of a chromosome breaks off and is gone in chromosome mutations
Deletion
A piece of chromosome breaks off and flips around
Inversion
A piece of chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome in chromosome mutation?
Transcription
A chromosome fails to separate during meiosis. One cell can get an extra chromosomes, and another has 1 less
Non-disjunction
_____ _____ results from non-disjunction
Down’s syndrome
Mutation that changes to a gene
Gene mutationInvolve changed to the STRUCTURE of a chromosome or the adding or the subtraction of a chromosome
A photomicrograph of all the chromosomes in a typical dividing cell
Karyotype
The addition or removal of a single nucleotide in gene mutation
Point mutation
What can happen in point mutation?
Effect a gene
1 nucleotide replaces another nucleotide
Substitution
What can happen in substitution in gene mutation?
Affect proteins
A misreading of the code during protein synthesis in gene synthesis is?
Frame shift
A diagram that shows the occurrence of a trait through several generations
Pedigree
