Genetic Material

Question 1

Three Macromolecules that Comprise a Living Organism

Answer 1

1. Carbohydrates
2. Proteins
3. Nucleic Acids

Question 2

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is first isolated by

Answer 2

Friedrich Miescher

Question 3

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is first isolated in

Answer 3

1869

Question 4

He discovered microscopic substances from ____ among
surgical bandages.

Answer 4

pus

Question 5

Radioactivity in liquid

Answer 5

Phages grown with radioactive sulfur (^35S)

Question 6

Radioactivity in pellet

Answer 6

Phages grown with radioactive phosphorus (^32P)

Question 7

Procedures of the phage experiment

Answer 7

1. Mix radioactively labeled
2. Agitate in a blender
3. Centrifuge the mixture
4. Measure the radioactivity

Question 8

Introduced the currently accepted model of DNA, that of the double helix.

Answer 8

Francis Crick and James Watson

Question 9

Introduced the currently accepted model of DNA, that of the double helix in the year

Answer 9

1953

Question 10

Who also published a paper in Nature supporting the proposed
model, Crick and Watson were awarded the Nobel prize for
Medicine or Physiology.

Answer 10

Maurice Wilkins

Question 11

The fundamental relationship of DNA, RNA and proteins

Answer 11

Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

Question 12

DNA → RNA (mRNA) → Protein (Amino acids)

Answer 12

Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

Question 13

DNA → RNA (mRNA)

Answer 13

Transcription

Question 14

(mRNA) → Protein (Amino acids)

Answer 14

Translation

Question 15

RNA (mRNA) → DNA

Answer 15

Reverse Transcription

Question 16

The enzyme of Reverse Transcription

Answer 16

Reverse Transcriptase

Question 17

Synthesis of an RNA copy of a segment of DNA

Answer 17

Transcription

Question 18

The main repository of genetic information among all living
organisms and many viruses.

Answer 18

DNA

Question 19

Composed of two chains of biopolymer interlaced with one
another to form a double helix.

Answer 19

DNA

Question 20

Two strands are called _____________and are composed of smaller
units called _____________.

Answer 20

Polynucleotides; nucleotides

Question 21

Unzips DNA and attach to AT region

Answer 21

DNA Helicase

Question 22

A Y-shaped region where a cell’s DNA double helix is unwound and separated.

Answer 22

Replication Fork

Question 23

All nucleotide is made up of _____-containing bases

Answer 23

Nitrogen

Question 24

What are the components of DNA

Answer 24

• Pentose sugar (5 carbons)
• phosphate group
• nucleobases

Question 25

Nucleobase linked to a sugar.

Answer 25

Nucleoside

Question 26

Difference of a Nucleosides and Nucleotides

Answer 26

Nucleoside:
- Base
- Sugar

Nucleotide:
- Base
- Sugar
- Phosphate

Question 27

Acts as the sugar backbone that connects all other DNA
components

Answer 27

Deoxyribose / D-2-deoxyribose

Question 28

Which is more flexible, RNA or DNA?

Answer 28

DNA, because it is double helix.

Question 29

What group are attached to RNA? DNA?

Answer 29

RNA: Hydroxyl (OH)
DNA: Hydrogen (H)

Question 30

Which is more prone to destruction, RNA or DNA?

Answer 30

RNA, because it is single stranded.

Question 31

An aldopentose, a monosaccharide with 5 carbon atoms and an
aldehyde as a functional group

Answer 31

2-deoxyribose