Genetic III

Question 1

What is genetic modifications?

Answer 1

A process where we are able to alter genes of different organism

Question 2

What is selective breeding?

Answer 2

Is when through genetic modifications, we are able to choose which genes are passed on to plants and animals

Question 3

What is a transgenic organism or plant?

Answer 3

The plant or an organism with the favourable characteristic and gene from another organism

Question 4

Manipulating genes

Answer 4

1. Bacterium contains circular DNA known as plasmids. We cut plasmids using enzymes.
2. DNA from plant, animal or human cell is removed. We locate the favourable gene and use a different enzyme to isolate and cut it.
3. The favourable gene is transplanted into the cut plasmid and rejoined. We now have a circular recombination DNA.
4. Recombinant DNA is inserted back into bacterium cell. Bacterium cell will divide and grow to produce multiple copies of the desired gene. This is know as culturing.
5. Modified genes are inserted back into the genome of the plant or animal. They will then grow and develop into a plant or animal with the desired characteristic.

Question 5

What is pre-natal testing?

Answer 5

Tests the foetus for genetic defects before it is born. Cells are obtained through amniocentesis.