genetic fingerprinting

Question 1

what are the 5 stages of genetic fingerprinting

Answer 1

extraction
digestion
separation
hybridisation
development

Question 2

what happens during the extraction stage of genetic fingerprinting

Answer 2

extract DNA from rest of cell

if small quantity, increase with PCR

Question 3

what happens during the digestion stage of genetic fingerprinting

Answer 3

cut DNA fragments using restriction endonucleases

Question 4

what happens during the separation stage of genetic fingerprinting

Answer 4

fragments of DNA separated according to size using gel electrophoresis
gel in alkali to separate double strands
southern blotting transfers single strands on to a nylon membrane

Question 5

what is southern blotting

Answer 5

membrane covered with sheets of absorbent paper which draws liquid containing DNA
DNA then fixed to membrane using uv light

Question 6

what happens during the hybridisation stage of genetic fingerprinting

Answer 6

radioactive or fluorescent DNA probes used to bind with core sequences
DNA probes used to label the fragments

Question 7

what happens during the development stage of genetic fingerprinting

Answer 7

membrane thats labelled is placed onto x-ray film

this shows dark bands where DNA probes have attatched