genetic engineering topic questions.

Question 1

Describe how scientist would produce a genetically modified bacterium that produces penicillin(4)

Answer 1

*use restriction enzyme to remove the gene and cut the plasmid(1)

*use of ligase to join the DNA molecule together(1)

*cut the gene from the genome of the fungus and extract a plasmid from the bacteria(1)

*insert the recombinant plasmid bacteria into bacteria(1)

Question 2

describe how these type of cattle could selectively bred to produce cattle that can survive and have good quality meat(2)

Answer 2

breed both of the cattles togethere(1)

select offspring with desired charachteristics cross breed them and repeate over many generations(1)

Question 3

describe the method that scientists could use to grow plants from these seeds that are tolerant to low levels of acid in the soil(2)

Answer 3

pepare soil with low level of acid/select a weakly acidic soil(1)

put the seeds in the soil to grow plant the seeds(1)

Question 4

describe the advantages of producing hgH using genetically modified bacteria

Answer 4

more Hgh can be produced,more quickly(1

Hgh sample less likely to be contaminated/less chance of transfer(1)

Question 5

explain how bacteria can be genetically engirneed to produce human insulin(6)

Answer 5

the gene that codes for human insulin is identified in the human DNA(1)

this is removed using a restriction enzyme
the bacterial cell is removed
using lysosymes
the plasmid is cut open
using the same restriction enzyme
leave the complemetary sticky ends
the human gene is inserted into bacterial plasmid
using the enzyme ligase
the plasmid is returned to the bacterial cell
the bacterial cell multiplies

Question 6

explain how enzymes are used to produce a genetically modified plasmid in a bacterial cell(3)

Answer 6

a plasmid is cut using the restriction enzyme and the insulin gene is cut using the restriction enzymes(1)

these enzymes produce complementary base(1)

the gene for insulin is inserted into the plasmid using ligase(1)

Question 7

explain one advantage of producing these genetically modified crop plants(2)

Answer 7

kill insects(1)
less damage to crops(1)

Question 8

explain the advantages and disadvantages of producing genetically modified crop plants(6)

Answer 8

disadvantges
reduce gene pool
concerns about long term effects
ethical concerns
could contribute to medical conditions

Advantages
less crop damage
so higher yeild
crop plants less likely to have diseases