Genetic Engineering

Question 1

What is genetic engineering?

Answer 1

The direct manipulation of an organism’s genes using biotechnology.

Question 2

True or False: Genetic engineering can only be performed on plants.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Fill in the blank: Genetic engineering often involves the use of ______ to insert new DNA into an organism.

Answer 3

vectors

Question 4

What is a common method used to transfer DNA in genetic engineering?

Answer 4

Transformation

Question 5

What is CRISPR?

Answer 5

A revolutionary gene-editing tool that allows for precise modifications to DNA.

Question 6

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a method of genetic engineering? A) Cloning B) Gene therapy C) Natural selection

Answer 6

C) Natural selection

Question 7

What is gene therapy?

Answer 7

A technique that modifies a person’s genes to treat or prevent disease.

Question 8

True or False: Transgenic organisms contain genes from other species.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The first genetically modified organism was a ______.

Answer 9

bacterium

Question 10

What is the purpose of using restriction enzymes in genetic engineering?

Answer 10

To cut DNA at specific sequences.

Question 11

Multiple choice: What is a common application of genetic engineering? A) Crop improvement B) Fossil analysis C) Weather prediction

Answer 11

A) Crop improvement

Question 12

What are plasmids?

Answer 12

Small circular DNA molecules used as vectors in genetic engineering.

Question 13

True or False: Genetic engineering can be used for medical purposes.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What is the role of the promoter in a genetically engineered gene?

Answer 14

To initiate transcription of the gene.

Question 15

Fill in the blank: Genetic engineering can lead to increased ______ in crops.

Answer 15

yield

Question 16

What is the significance of the Human Genome Project?

Answer 16

It mapped the entire human genome, providing insights for genetic engineering.

Question 17

Multiple choice: Which organism was the first to be genetically modified and approved for human consumption? A) Tomato B) Salmon C) Corn

Answer 17

C) Corn

Question 18

What is somatic cell gene therapy?

Answer 18

A technique that modifies genes in somatic (non-reproductive) cells.

Question 19

True or False: Genetic engineering can only be used in agriculture.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The process of inserting a gene into a plant cell is called ______.

Answer 20

transfection

Question 21

What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?

Answer 21

An organism whose genome has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.

Question 22

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a potential risk of genetic engineering? A) Increased biodiversity B) Unintended mutations C) Enhanced food security

Answer 22

B) Unintended mutations

Question 23

What is the purpose of using a selectable marker in genetic engineering?

Answer 23

To identify successfully modified cells.

Question 24

True or False: All genetic modifications are approved for use in the food supply.

Answer 24

False

Question 25

Fill in the blank: Genetic engineering can help produce ______ drugs and vaccines.

Answer 25

recombinant

Question 26

What ethical concerns are associated with genetic engineering?

Answer 26

Issues regarding safety, environmental impact, and moral implications.

Question 27

Multiple choice: Which gene editing technology uses a guide RNA to target DNA sequences? A) TALEN B) CRISPR C) ZFN

Answer 27

B) CRISPR

Question 28

What is the role of DNA ligase in genetic engineering?

Answer 28

To join DNA fragments together.

Question 29

True or False: Genetic engineering is a recent development in biotechnology.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The process of creating genetically identical copies of an organism is called ______.

Answer 30

cloning

Question 31

What is synthetic biology?

Answer 31

An interdisciplinary branch that combines biology and engineering to design and construct new biological parts.

Question 32

Multiple choice: What is one potential benefit of genetically modified crops? A) They can be more resistant to pests B) They require more water C) They have lower nutritional value

Answer 32

A) They can be more resistant to pests

Question 33

What is the function of a terminator sequence in genetic engineering?

Answer 33

To signal the end of transcription.

Question 34

True or False: Gene editing can be used to eliminate genetic diseases.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The term ______ refers to the transfer of genes from one species to another.

Answer 35

horizontal gene transfer

Question 36

What are the potential benefits of gene therapy?

Answer 36

Treating genetic disorders, improving health outcomes, and enhancing quality of life.

Question 37

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a method for gene editing? A) RNA interference B) DNA replication C) PCR

Answer 37

A) RNA interference

Question 38

What is the role of a gene gun in genetic engineering?

Answer 38

To deliver DNA into cells by shooting microscopic particles coated with DNA.

Question 39

True or False: Genetic engineering can only be performed in laboratories.

Answer 39

False

Question 40

Fill in the blank: ______ is the process of modifying an organism's genome through artificial means.

Answer 40

Genetic engineering