Genetic Engineering

Question 1

What is Selective Breeding?

Answer 1

Method of breeding that only allows organisms with desired traits to produce the next generation.

Question 2

What is Inbreeding?

Answer 2

A form of selective breeding, attempts to keep derived traits of a kind of organism.

Question 3

What is PCR?

Answer 3

Polymerase Chain Reaction is

1. Separate DNA into two
2. Once cooled, primers bind to each strand
3. Polymerase copies area between primers
4. Primers serve as template to repeat process.

Question 4

What is Recombinant DNA?

Answer 4

Joining DNA from two or more sources making it possible to edit genetic composition.

Question 5

What are Plasmids?

Answer 5

Plasmids are small, circular pieces of DNA found in most bacteria. Used in the process of Recombinant DNA.

Question 6

The 3 benefits of Recombinant DNA

Answer 6

1. Prevent Disease (develop missing proteins)
2. Medical Research (Recombinant animals can be tested on)
3. Treating Disease (Manipulate bacteria into producing vital proteins)

Question 7

What is Gene Therapy?

Answer 7

process of changing a gene to treat a medical disease.

Question 8

What is DNA fingerprinting?

Answer 8

analyzes sections of DNA with no function that are unique to each individiual.

Question 9

What do Restriction enzymes do?

Answer 9

Cuts DNA at certain points

Question 10

What is Gel Electrophoresis?

Answer 10

Using electricity to sort DNA by size. Uses wells and energy.

Question 11

What is a GMO?

Answer 11

Genetically Modified Organism

Question 12

What is a Vector?

Answer 12

A molecule of DNA which is used to carry a foreign gene into a host cell.

Question 13

What is Genetic Screening?

Answer 13

A technique to determine the genotype or phenotype of an organism.

Question 14

What is a Karyotype

Answer 14

A picture of a person’s chromosomes

Question 15

What is special about Stem Cells?

Answer 15

They can develop into many different cell types.