genetic engineering 1.3

Question 1

what are chromosomes

Answer 1

threadlike structures composed of DNA

Question 2

what is a gene

Answer 2

a region of DNA that codes for a specific protein

Question 3

stage 1 of genetic engineering

Answer 3

human chromosome is extracted and required gene is identified

Question 4

stage 2 of genetic engineering

Answer 4

gene is cut out of the chromosome using enzymes that act as biological scissors

Question 5

stage 3 of genetic engineering

Answer 5

bacterial plasmid is extracted from the bacterial cell

Question 6

stage 4 of genetic engineering

Answer 6

plasmid is cut open using the same type of enzyme from stage 2

Question 7

stage 5 of genetic engineering

Answer 7

gene is inserted into plasmid using a different enzyme that acts as a glue

Question 8

stage 6 of genetic engineering

Answer 8

plasmid is inserted into bacterial host cell

Question 9

stage 7 of genetic engineering

Answer 9

bacterium grows and multiplys

Question 10

stage 8 of genetic engineering

Answer 10

the desired product is mass-produced and then extracted and purified

Question 11

why are bacterial cells useful

Answer 11

because they rapidly reproduce meaning large quantities of the desired product can be produced quickly