GENETIC ENGINEERING

Question 1

It is a gene modification wherein the DNA is transferred from one organism to another.

Answer 1

GENETIC ENGINEERING

Question 2

It focuses on the MATTING of organisms with DESIRABLE QUALITIES or traits.

Answer 2

CLASSICAL BREEDING

Question 3

It involves MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES to MODIFY the traits of a target organism.

Answer 3

GENETIC ENGINEERING

Question 4

THE MODIFICATION OF TRAITS MAY INVOLVE;

Answer 4

1. introduction to new traits into an organism

2. enhancement of a present trait by increasing or disrupting the expression of the desired gene

Question 5

Genetic Engineering has an application in fields of?

Answer 5

1. PHARMACEUTICAL
2. INDUSTRIAL
3. AGRICULTURAL
4. MEDICAL
5. OTHERS

Question 6

It have been a subject for public scrutiny whether it is safe to use or ethically accepted

Answer 6

GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS (GMO)

Question 7

WHAT ARE THE FOUR STAGES/PROCESSES OF GENETIC ENGINEERING ?

Answer 7

STAGE 1- DNA CLEAVAGE
STAGE 2- PRODUCTION O RECOMBINANT DNA
STAGE 3- CLONING
STAGE 4- SCREENING

Question 8

It is a protein produced by bacteria that cleaves DNA at specific sites along the molecule

Answer 8

RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASE

Question 9

It is a process of genetic engineering whereas, a restriction endonuclease is used to cleave the source DNA into a different set of fragments . The endonuclease’s recognition sequence is likely to occur many times within the source of DNA, thus cleavage will produce a large number of different fragments.

Answer 9

STAGE 1- DNA CLEAVAGE

Question 10

How des fragments in Stage 1- DNA CLEAVAGE be separated from one another according to their size ?

Answer 10

GEL ELECTROPHORESIS

Question 11

It is a process of genetic engineering whereas, the fragments of DNA are inserted into PLASMIDS or VIRAL VECTORS that have been cleaved with the same RESTRICTION ENDONULEUS as the source of DNA

Answer 11

STAGE 2- PRODUCTION OF RECOMBINANT DNA

Question 12

It is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is distinct from a cell’s chromosomal DNA.

Answer 12

PLASMID

Question 13

The plasmids or viruses serve as vectors that can introduce the DNA fragments into cells usually , but not always bacteria. As each cell produces , it forms a clone of cells that all contain the fragment-bearing vector.

Answer 13

stage 3- cloning

Question 14

The clones containing a specific DNA fragment of interest are identified from the clone library.

Answer 14

STAGE 4- SCREENING

Question 15

DIFFERENTIATE CLASSICAL BREEDING AND GENETIC ENGINEERING

Answer 15

CLASSICAL BREEDING FOCUSES ON THE MATTING OF ORGANISMS WITH DESIRABE QUALITIES WHILE GENETIC ENGINEERING INVOLVES MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES TO MODIY THE TRAITS OF A TARGET ORGANISM

Question 16

WHY ARE GMO’S SUBJECT FOR PUBLIC SCRUTINY?

Answer 16

TO KNOW IF IT SAFE TO USE AND ETHICALLY ACCEPTED

Question 17

WHAT ARE THE PROCESSES INVOLVED IN GENETIC ENGINEERING?

Answer 17

1-DNA CLEAVAGE- FRAGMENTS ARE SEPERATED , PRODUCES A LARGE NUMBER OF DIFFERENT FRAGRMENTS
2-PRODUCTION OF RECOMBINANT DNA- DNA ARE INSERTED INTO PLASMIDS
3-CLONING- FORMS A CLONE OF CELLS THAT ALL CONTAIN THE FRAGMENT-BEARING VECTOR
4-SCREENING- THE CLONES CONTAINING A SPECIFIC DNA FRAGMENT OF INTEREST ARE IDENTIFIED FROM THE CLONE LIBRARY

Question 18

DEFINE BIOLISTIC

Answer 18

the method of directly shooting DNA fragments into cells using a device called a gene gun. A method for the delivery of nucleic acid to cells by high-speed particle bombardment