Genetic Controversies Flashcards

1
Q

What do clinical geneticists do?

A
  • Identify patients with or at risk of a genetic conditions
  • Communicate genetic information
  • Offer people recommendations regarding screen
  • Discuss implications of gene testing
  • Options regarding treatment
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2
Q

What are some ethical terms?

A
  • Respect
  • Autonomy
  • Beneficence
  • Non-malfeasance
  • Justice
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3
Q

What is an ethical dilemma?

A

Situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two courses of action, either of which entails transgressing a moral princip

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4
Q

What are some ethical issues to be considered when a patient asks to be screened for Huntington’s disease?

A
  • Implications of result being positive/negative
  • Insurances
  • Potential impact of testing on self, family and work
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5
Q

What are different forms of prenatal diagnosis?

A
  • Chorionic villus sampling
    • >11 weeks
  • Amniocentesis
    • >15 weeks
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6
Q

When can chorionic villus sampling happen?

A

>11 weeks gestation

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7
Q

When can amniocentesis happen?

A

>15 weeks

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8
Q

What must be considered before prenatal diagnosis?

A

Risks

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9
Q

For example, amniocentesis reveals Turner’s syndrome so the couple want to consider termination, what are some ethical issues?

A
  • Professional responsibility to couple
  • Self-awareness
  • Autonomy, trusting patient to know what is right for them
  • Supporting the couple in decision
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10
Q

What are ethical issues to consider if someone requests screening for breast cancer gene mutation (BRCA1 and BRCA2)?

A
  • Secrecy within families, parents might not want to tell children
    • Maintain patients autonomy but consider non-malfeasance for the children as condition can be treatable if discovered
  • Parents disagree as to what to share with their children
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11
Q

Since a doctor will support many patients with ethical issues over their career, what must they do to manage the impact on themselves?

A
  • Maintain objective approach
  • Be self-aware
  • Seek support/discuss cases with others
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