Genetic Code/how Cells Make Proteins

Question 1

Chromosomes

Answer 1

A structure within a cell’s nucleus that contains DNA. Is passed down to offspring

Question 2

Double helix

Answer 2

The twisted ladder shape of DNA

Question 3

Nitrogen bases

Answer 3

Molecules that contain nitrogen and other elements that make up the rungs of DNA

Question 4

Adenine

Answer 4

A base used in the rungs of DNA (a)

Question 5

Thymine

Answer 5

A base used in the rungs of DNA (t)

Question 6

Guanine

Answer 6

A base used in the rungs of DNA (g)

Question 7

Cytosine

Answer 7

A base used in the rungs of DNA (c)

Question 8

Gene

Answer 8

A section of a DNA molecule that contains the information to code a protein

Question 9

DNA replication

Answer 9

The process of duplicating a strand of DNA

Question 10

Amino acids

Answer 10

Molecules that proteins are made of

Question 11

RNA

Answer 11

• only one strand
• contains a different sugar
• carries genetic code from DNA to ribosomes

Question 12

Uracil

Answer 12

What RNA uses instead of thymine (u)

Question 13

Messenger RNA

Answer 13

Carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to ribosomes in the cytoplasm

Question 14

DNA

Answer 14

The genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed down to offspring