Genes/tics Flashcards
What is it called when DNA controls characteristics by controlling protein synethesis?
Gene expression
Expression is split into 2 main parts…
Translation.
Transcription.
Involves nucleic acid RNA.
Name 4 differences between RNA and DNA?
RNA made of ribose nucleotides instead of deoxyribose nucleotides.
RNA has base uracil instead of thymine.
RNA is single stranded.
RNA shorter than DNA.
Name RNA’s 4 bases.
A, U, G, C.
Define gene.
Sequences of DNA bases that codes for either a polypeptide or functional RNA.
What does the sequences of amino acids in a polypeptide chain form?
Primary structure of a protein.
What do different polypeptides have?
Different number and order of amino acids.
What determines the order of amino acids in a polypeptide?
The order of the bases in a gene.
What is each amino acid coded for?
By a sequence of 3 bases in a gene called triplet or a codon.
What are genes called that don’t code for a polypeptide code?
Functional RNA.
What is functional RNA?
Is RNA molecules other than mRNA, which preform special tasks during protein synethesis.
What is a complete set of genes known as?
Genome.
What is the full range of proteins that the cell is able to produce known as?
Proteome.
