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Genes & Genomes > Genes & Genomes - Lec 1 > Flashcards

Genes & Genomes - Lec 1 Flashcards

learn the fundemental key words of the genome project

1
Q

Definitions: Genomics

A
  • Study of an organism’s complete set of genetic information.
  • Includes both gene and non-coding information.
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2
Q

Definition: Genetics

A
  • Genetics: Study of heredity.
  • Function and composition of single genes
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3
Q

Why is Genomics important in relevance to genetics?

A
  • Both important and have crossovers. Can know everything about a gene but will eventually know to know its genomic context and vice versa.
  • Find enzyme/proteins that tell cells when, where, how to turn genes on
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4
Q

Origin of Genomics

A
  1. Human genome projects
  2. New tech: automated sequencing / next gen sequencing
  3. Sequence model organisms, comparative genomics
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5
Q

The tools for genomics

A
  1. Biology, robotics & computing
  2. Tools & Techniques for molecular biology
  3. High throughput technology
  4. Computers are essential for processing and analysing data
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6
Q

Definition: Bioinformatics

A

Computational analysis of genomics data

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7
Q

Computational approach to solve genomic problems

A
  1. Sequence analysis
  2. Gene prediction
  3. Modelling Biological process/network
  4. Extraction of variation and analysis of Bp/genes
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7
Q

Computational approach to solve genomic problems

A
  1. Sequence analysis
  2. Gene prediction
  3. Modelling Biological process/network
  4. Extraction of variation and analysis of Bp/genes
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8
Q

What does a DNA do?

A
  1. Store of information
  2. Directs synthesis of proteins
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9
Q

Definition: Genotype

A

Genetic information of cell/organism

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10
Q

Definition: Phenotype

A

Observable characteristics of organism

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11
Q

Rest of genome (non-coding)

A
  • 3% exons
  • Other structural RNA genes
  • Repetitive (E.g., Microsatellites / minisatellites)
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12
Q

Microsatellites

A

Repeats of 14-500 bp and 1-5 Bp long

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13
Q

Minisatellites

A
  • 13 Bp repeats
  • 10*6 copies per genome
  • 15% of genome telomeres Typically
  • 250-100 6Bp repeats at the end of chromosome
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14
Q

Central Dogma of Genomics

A

All cells have the same DNA — Not all genes are turned on all the time/on the same level in all cells.
Gene expression is regulated

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Genes & Genomes (5 decks)

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