Genes and Genomes Flashcards
What is positive-sense?
aka plus stand, coding strand
mRNA/RNA that can be directly translated into protein
What is negative-sense?
aka minus strand, compliment strand
Strand that cannot be translated
What is Baltimore Classification?
Allows relationships among various viral genomes and the pathway to mRNA to be determined
What is reassortment?
a technique that allows the assignment of mutations to specific genome segments
How are vial isolates named?
Specific type of disease they cause
Where they were first isolated
Body sites they affected
Geographic locations
Scientists who discovered them
What are gene products and regulatory signals required for?
Replication
Efficient expression
Assembly/packaging
Regulation and timing of the reproduction cycle
Modulation/disruption of host defenses
Transmission/spread
Viral genomes can be:
DNA or RNA
double stranded
single stranded: (+) strand, (-) strand, ambisense strand
linear
circular
segmented
gapped
What are the two universal functions of viral genomes?
Produce mRNAs to be read by host ribosomes
Serve as templates for synthesis of progeny genomes
DNA genomes are shaded as ____ and RNA genomes are shaded as ______
DNA = blue shades RNA = green shades
How are animals classified?
Linnaean system
General to specific
DKPCOFGS
How are viruses classified?
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
Specific to general
Taxa = group
S - species G - genus F - family O - order C - class P - phylum K - kingdom R - realm
How is a new viral disease named decided?
Disease: WHO
Virus: Scientists
Virus Species: ICTV
Example:
- Disease = SARS
- Virus = SARS-CoV
- Virus species = severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus
What do viral DNA genomes do?
Emulate host
Which groups are the pathways from a DNA viral genome to mRNA?
Group I: dsDNA
Group VII: gapped dsDNA
Group II: ssDNA
What do viral RNA genomes do?
Dominate eukaryotic virosphere
