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OSFAs - generic > Generic OSFAs > Flashcards

Generic OSFAs Flashcards

1
Q

What does the NHS constitution describe?

A

The rights for patients, public and staff. It outlines NHS commitments to patients, staff and the public.

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2
Q

What are the principles given by the NHS consitution?

A

The NHS:

  • Is available to all
  • Is based on clinical need, not ability to pay
  • Aspires to the highest standards of excellence and professionalism
  • Puts the patient at the heart
  • Works with other organisations in the interest of patients and the wider population
  • Is committed to providing good value for the tax payers money
  • Is accountable to the public, communities and patients that it serves
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3
Q

What are the NHS values?

A
  • Working together for patients
  • Respect & dignity
  • Committment to quality of care
  • Improve lives
  • Compassion
  • Everyone counts
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4
Q

What does Duty of Candour mean?

A

Every healthcare professional must be open and honest with patients when something goes wrong.
Staff must tell the patient (where appropriate), apologise, offer an appropriate rememedy, and explain fully the effects of what has happened.

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5
Q

What is the process if you witness or receive unnacceptable behaviour from patients/staff?

A

Informally:
You can speak to a manager/trade union representative on how to deal with the issue.
You could speak to the person initiating the behaviour.

Formally:
You can log a complaint with your manager, and on the Trust reporting system.

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6
Q

What is Good Scientific Practice?

A

It sets ut the standards of behaviour and practice that must be achieved and maintained by proffessionals.

It details:
1
professional practice (being safe, working within your scope of practice & competence limits),
probity (conduct should justify trust of patients, being honest)
working with colleagues
training and developing others

2
scientific practice
technical practice
quality

3
clinical practice (understand need for consent, maintaining confidentiality)
investigation and reporting

4
research, development and innovation (appraise literature, use evidence based practice)

5
leadership

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7
Q

What are the 4 values of Medical Ethics?

A
  • Autonomy — Does it show respect for the patient and their right to make decisions?
  • Non-maleficence — Does it harm the patient?
  • Justice — Are there consequences in the wider community?
  • Beneficence — Does it benefit the patient?
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8
Q

What is informed consent?

A

It refers to the idea that a person must be fully informed about and understand the potential benefits and risks of their choice of treatment

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9
Q

What is patient confidentiality?

A

It refers to the idea that information is only shared with the
appropriate people in appropriate circumstances, care must be taken to check they have a legal basis for access to the information before releasing it.
The minimal amount of information should be disclosed.

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10
Q

What is information governance?

A

It is the management of information in an organisation. It balances the use and security of data.
It applies to corporate, staff and patient information.

It links many legal and guidance documents:

  • Data Protection Act 1998
  • the Freedom of Information Act 2000
  • the common law duty of confidentiality
  • the confidentiality NHS code of practice
  • the NHS care record guarantee for England
  • the social care record guarantee for England
  • the international information security standard: ISO/IEC 27002: 2005
  • the information security NHS code of practice
  • the records management NHS code of practice
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11
Q

What does probity mean?

A

The quality of having strong moral principles; honesty and decency.

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12
Q

What is reflective practice?

A

It is a circular process of reviewing your own interactions and experiences, and using them to improve your work.
It is a continuous learning cycle.

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13
Q

What is the audit cycle?

A 
1 - prepare (choose a topic)
2 - select criteria (define the standard)
3 - collect & analyse data
4 - make improvements
5 - re-audit
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14
Q

What does quality assurance mean?

A

“part of quality management focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled.” - ISO9000
It is a systematic process relating to preventing errors. It makes sure things are done correctly. This may be through setting up a quality control cycle.

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15
Q

What does quality control mean?

A

“A part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality requirements” - ISO9000
It is the process of detecting any errors.

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16
Q

What is critical refelection?

A

It is a method of learning; it is the process of analysing a situation to gain meaning.
This can then be used to improve your work.

17
Q

What is the purpose of an audit?

A

To assess, evaluate and improve care of patients in a systematic way.
It measures current standards of care against the gold standard of care.

18
Q

Describe the main behavioural change models.

A

Push - change is forced. It tends to be larger, fewer changes.

Pull - change is an opportunity. It tends to be smaller changes.

19
Q

What is CPD?

A

Continuous personal development. It is the act of pursuing the current knowledge within your profession; this can be done via reading articles, subscribing to updates in your profession, etc.

20
Q

What regulations/guidance are in place regarding data protection?

A 
GDPR
Data Protetcion Act
Information Governance
Caldicott Principles
Human Rights Act
Trust Policies
21
Q

What is the process of obtaining a patient history?

A 
Check the patient ID.
Ask why they think they are there.
Obtain relevant information such as: family history, social history, drug history, past medical history, (SOCRATES for pain)
-Site
-Onset
-Character
-Radiate 
A-Associations
T-Time
E-Exacerbating factors
S-Severity

Ask if there are any questions/anything else they would like to mention

22
Q

What is the purpose of a COSHH?

A

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health
(chemical risk assessment)

To identify the risks from hazardous materials and remove as much risk as possible (how to handle it, its characteristiscs (fire/acid) ..)
Also how to take action if a problem occurs.

23
Q

What is RIDDOR?

A

Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations.

It requires employers to keep a record of any accidents in the workplace.

24
Q

What is the main guidance from moving and handling?

A

Only do work that you are trained to do.

Lift from the legs rather than the back.

25
Q

How long should data be kept for?

A

8 years on average for adults unless it falls into a special category:

  • Mental health 20 years
  • Cancer with a chance of re-occurring 20 years
26
Q

What is specificity?

A

Number of true negatives / all actual negatives
TN / (TN + FP)
TN = true negative
fp = false positive

27
Q

What is sensitivity?

A

Number of true positives / all actual positives
TP/ (TP + FN)
tp = true positive
fn = false negative

28
Q

For entire ethics approval for a trial, who should be consulted?

A 
Local research ethics committee
IRAS form 
Caldicott guardian
Hospital R&D
HRA
others?
29
Q

What is the heirarchy of evidence?

A
  • Systematic reviews
  • RCTs & double blind studies
  • cohort studies
  • case control studies
  • cross sectional studies
  • case series
  • case report
  • opinions
  • animal research
  • in vitro studies
30
Q

What should be contained within a risk assessment?

A

The risk, the likelihood, the consequence score (and combined score), any current protection to the risk in place, and potentially any future implementations to remove the risk. The scores after the risk has been reduced.

31
Q

What is the positive predictive value?

A

Number of true positives / all positive values

TP/(TP+FP)

32
Q

What is the negative predictuve value?

A

Number of true negatives / all negative values

TN/(TN+FN)

33
Q

What is a Type 1 error in research?

A

That the null hypothesis is rejected when it is true.

I.e. a false positive = that the hypothese that believes the experiment will not show anything is wrongly rejected.

34
Q

What is a type 2 error in research?

A

That the null hypothese is accepted when it is false.

i.e. a false negative = that the hypothese that believes the experiment will not show anything is wrongly accepted.

OSFAs - generic (1 decks)

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