generation 9 cards Flashcards
What are the priorities of first aid?
PAPP ( preserve life, alleviate suffering, prevent worsening situation, promote recovery)
What are the hygiene procedures ?
1-wear protective gloves
2- always wash hands before and after treatment
3-exposed skin with cuts etc are covered
Symptoms-
What the casualty tell you
Signs-
Something you can see hear or feel
What is primary survey
Assessing the causally for life threatening injuries and taking immediate and appropriate action.
Danger Response Airway Breathing Circulation
What is secondary survey
Determining background of injury
roles of life guard?
positive attitude professional maintaining observation good supervision early intervention!!! accident prevention rescue
attributes of lifeguard?
strong swimmer team player able to lead positive attitude quick thinker
what must life guards do?
take reasonable care of health/safety of themselves and others
cooperate with eployees
notify manager if anything happens
what must employers do/
protect health, safety and welfare of employees and members of public at work.
provide training and signage around site
develop PSOP and make sure employees follow it
what does PSOP mean and consist of?
Pool Safety Operating Procedures (made up of NOP and EAP)
parliament acts needed to know:
Health and Safety at work act 1974
equity act 2010
safegaurding vulnerable groups act 2006
what does COSHH (2002) mean?
Control of substances hazardous to health
what does PPE regulation do and mean?
personal protection equipment, makes employees safer as equiptment used will be checked to the NOP
why do lifeguards have separate uniform?
to stand out from others, clear supervision if incident arrises
what is customer care policy?
is a written document for employees so they know what to do and behave when dealing with customers
what is customer care charter?
written policy that tells customers what they can expect from the organisation with regards to customer service
what is the NOP
outlines the safe day to day running of the building, covers: details of pool, cleaning procedures, dealing with complaints
what us the EAP
detailed document outlining what to do in foreseeable emergencies, covers:overcrowding in pool, bomb threat, violonce, lack of water clarity
what is safeguarding?
all organisations working with children, vulnerable adults etc, taking reasonable measures to ensure their wellbeing and lowered risks towards them
equality?
ensuring individuals and groups are treated fairly and equally
diversity?
aims to recognise respect and accept differences in culture, religieon. INCLUSIVE CULTURE
what is PTSD
post traumatic stress disorder, suffered by 30% of people experiencing traumatic situation.
is there a normal type of swimming pool?
NO can be any shape, size, depth etc
where are pool details kept?
NOP
types of pool?
leisure, diving, olympic, health club, lidos/outdoor
features of leisure pool?
wave pool, play equipment, mushrooms, obstacles, lazy rivers, beach area
features of diving pool/
diving boards (1+3m boards with 5m platform), often deeper than 3m
features of traditional pool
25m log, 6-8lane
features olympic pool
50m long, seperated into 2 pools
features of health club pool
around 1.2m deep, smaller
features of lido
large amount of space and water.
life guards have what in outdoor pools?
polarised glasses, shade, suncream, hydration
what is a hazard?
something with potential to cause harm
what is a risk?
likelihood of harm coming to individual
what is a control measure
something put in place to prevent hazard causing harm (wet floor signs etc)
what must a pool operator follow (5steps)
identify hazards decide who will be harmed and how evaluate risks and precautions record findings and implement changes review assessment, update
hazards in pools
water depth gutters, handrails floor surfaces glare and reflection drain covers
poolside equipment
lane ropes
starting blocks
pool steps
disabled hoist
common pool features
movable floors waves flumes and slides river rides etc diving boards and platforms
what are high risk swimmers?
weak swimmers show offs swimmers in armbands etc unaccompanied swimmers elderly disabled
if given a poolside task what should you always follow and refer to?
NOP
what are some activity hazards in the pool?
parent teacher (self appointed) hyperventilating swimmers pushing others boisterous games running poolside acrobatics bombing
what does supervision mean?
directing activity to take more control of the way pool users behave
what does observation mean ?
watching the activities without taking any action
what is critical intervention?
persons’ life in danger, relevant EAP followed
what is noncritical intervention?
accident could happen or events could lead to something more serious
10;20 system
life guard is able to scan zone in 10secs and get to incident within 20secs
what’s a life gaurd zone?
area of pool life guard is responsible for supervising they alter in size and scanning pattern (detailed in NOP)
what is the LZVT
life guard zone visibility test
what is scanning?
watching pool or zone constantly (all depths of pool)
egs of scanning ?
known hazards swimmer no.s submerging swimmers young people inappropriate behanviour
what to do on duty if concentration goes/
maintain posture
count people in pool
maintian correct position poolside
how long is a life guard shift? on rotation
no longer than 60mins, in exceptional circumstanced 90mins.
benefits fi high chair for life guard?
better field of view]
away from noise and splash
easily visible
what must life guards be aware of poolside?
glare relections blind spots turbulent water water clarity
life guard whistle meanings
1 short burst- calls for pool user attention
2 short burst- attention of another lifeguard
3 short burst- clear pool
what is asphyxia
condition when body is deprived of 02.
CPR definition
cardio pulmonary resusitaion
when are 5 rescue breathes used?
when casualty has drowned, or child or infant.
when use mouth to nose ventilation?
when mouth is damaged
what is mild airway obstruction
casualty will be able to speak cough and breathe but are distressed
what is completely/severe blocked airway obstruction
casualty can’t speak, weakening cough, unable/struggle to breathe, face blue
what must you always do in an emergency regarding hygiene
wear gloves, cover all cuts etc with plasters, wash hands
what is a symptom?
what casualty tells you
what is a sign?
something you can see, hear or feel
what is primary survey?
assess casualty for life threatening injuries, immediate action taken (call for help, check for breathing, airway, clear any dangers)
what is secondary survey?
determining background to injury (go from head to toes)
unconscious casualty (causes, symptoms, signs, treatment?
reduced supply of 02 blood to brain, head injury, poison
symptoms- unable to tell you
signs-slight drowsiness, confusion, coma
treatment- primary survey, secondary survey, loosen clothes around neck chest waist, recovery pos, record changes after 10mins
heart attack (causes symptoms, signs, treatment)
interruption in blood supply to heart (blood vessel constcited)
symptoms; dizziness,anxiety,severe pain in chest, irregular pulse
signs; pale grey skin, blue lips, sweaty skin, clutching chest
treatment;999,assist casualty to comfy pos,loosen clothing,reasure,moniter for 10mins, provide aspirin
shock (causes, symptoms, signs, treatment)
failure of circulation leading to little supply to vital organs(due to low blood volume, bodily fluids)
symptoms; confusion,dizziness,thirst
signs; pale clammy skin, weak rapid pulse, blue lips/limbs
treatment; lie down, loosen clothing,reasure,keep warm,moniter 10mins,call 999 if worsen
shock (causes, symptoms, signs, treatment)
failure of circulation leading to little supply to vital organs(due to low blood volume, bodily fluids)
symptoms; confusion,dizziness,thirst
signs; pale clammy skin, weak rapid pulse, blue lips/limbs
treatment; lie down feet elevated, loosen clothing,reasure,keep warm,moniter 10mins,call 999 if worsen
asthma (cause, symptoms, signs, treatment)
air passage into spasm, constrict airway. Mucus build up=wheezing and short breath
symptoms;breathing difficulties
signs; anxiety,difficult to speak,pale skin, blue lips/limbs
treatment;reasure,sit comfortably, use prescribed meds,remove cause,999/112
anaphylaxis (cause, symptoms, signs, treatment)
serious/fatal condition by severe allergic reaction (dairy, dust, foods, meds, bites etc`)
symptoms;swollen tongue, difficulty breathing, hoarse voice, wheezing breathing
treatment-auto injector, self admisnter,999,2nd dose if worsen monster 10mins CPR if needed, recovery pos
REMEMBER ABC (airways, breathing, circulation)
hyperventilation (cause,symptom,signs,treatment)
excessive breathing (due to panic attack)
symptoms; dizziness,panic,tight chest, rapid pulse
signs; unnatural fast breathing, flushed skin
treatment;move to quite area, reasure, slow deep breathing though nose, 999 if worsen
with dressings and bandage what must you never do?
TAKE THEM OFF OR REMOVE FORIGN OBJECT IN BODY
what 3 types of bleeding is there?
capillary (top layer), veins (deeper), artery (very serous)
what do you always do with small cuts and grazes?
irrigate thoroughly, dry wound and apply plaster or dressing
what to do with bruises?
apply ice pack (not directly) for 10min
internal bleeding(,symptom,signs,treatment)
symptoms; skin pale, confusion,thirst,weak pulse, bruising
treatment-999,lie casualty down, treat for shock
varicose vein bleed?
direct pressure applied for 10mins or until bleeding stop
amputation treatment
protect ampuated body in bag or tub aware with ice (not directly)
nose bleed (symptoms,signs,treatment)
symptoms-pain from contact, confusion,feeling faint
signs; bleeding from nose
treatment; ask casualty not to speak or swallow, pressure 10mins, tilt head forwards if bleeding for more than 30mins 999
what to do with burns or scalds
flood area with cool water, cling film area, remover jewels due to swelling, treat for shock, 999 if casualty is child or elderly or extent of burn in unknwon
what are the types of burn?
superficial (outer layer of skin, tender and red, swelling may begin)
partial thickness(outer layer and epidermis, red and raw, blisters)
full thickness(all layers of skin, nerves, fat, muscle, blood vessels, charred and waxy)
electric shock (symptoms, signs, treatment)
FOLLOW EAP
symptoms;unconsious,respiritory spasms, cardiac arrest, burns at exit and entry points
signs; pain,symptoms of shock
treatment; isolate power,999,primary survey, treat burns, treat casulty for shock, recovery pos., cpr
what are the types of fractures?
open (bone out of skin)
closed (bones broken inside skin)
complicated(either open or closed but involves organs, muscles and blood vessels)
greenstick(in young children, confused with sprain or strains)
treatment for fractures
keep in position found(movement if necessary), immobile area, cover exposed wound in stereo dressing
dislocation (treatment)
allow casualty to get comfy, support injured limb,dont relocate joint etc, 999, don’t eat or drink due to surgery
what is the diffence between sprain and strain?
sprain-joints where ligament is stretched
strain-where muscles have been over-stretched
treatment for strains or sprains
RICE (rest, ice, comfort, elevation)
cramp (symptoms, signs, treatment)
sudden painful contraction of muscle
symptoms; pain in muscle,no relaxation on muscle
signs;muscle is hard and tight
treatment; support casualty, stretch muscle, rest, move to safe place
head injury (types, symtoms, signs, treatment)
concussion-altered level of consoiuness,disoriented due to brain moving and hitting cranium
compression-potential fatal, pressure to skull from head injury
symptoms; dizziness, nasuea, headache, poss seizers
signs; pale skin,dilated pupils, bleeding/fluid from ear/nose,depression in skull
treatment;999,neck support, look for other injury,recovert pos, cpr if needed
what to do with chest injury
999,sit casualty down in comfy poss, don’t cover open wound, direct pressure to area, cpr if needed
flail chest? treatment
where ribs are broken leading to paradoxical breathing patterns.
treatment;999,sit casualty in comfy poss,support arm off the injury, cpr if needed
eye injuries (symptoms, sings, treatment)
symptoms;itchy,vission impaired
signs; eye watering,sweelign and redness around eye
treatment;examine, don’t rub, wash thoroughly, cover eye if poss, cover both eyes as it will limit further damage
-if chemicals involved wash eye continuously with water until services arrive
how to treat fainting
reassure casualty, deep breathing, loosen tight clothing in full faint-lay them down, legs raised, check airway, cpr if needed
stroke symptoms and treatment
symptoms-FAST (face, arms, speech, tome)
treatment;999,lie them down, head and shoulder raised slightly, reassure them, moniter constantly
what to do with poisoning, drugs, chemicals and gasses
symtoms, signs, treatment
ALWAYS FOLLOW COSHH
symptoms; dizzy,confusion,head pain
signs;vomiting,pale skin
treatment; remove from danger, treat injuries, use face mask, pass info onto emergency services
what to do with diabetics (2 types)
symptoms, signs, treatment
hypoglycemia (too little blood sugar levels)
hyperglycaemia (too much blood sugar level)
symptoms; rapid pulse, confusion,tremblinf limbs
signs;pale skin, shallow breathing, unconsciousness
treatment;999,recovery poss, cpr if needed
seizures (,signs, treatment)
normal brain function disrupted
signs; sudden collapse, eyes roll back,breathing like snoring
treatment; support casualty, remove objects, loosen cltothing, moniter breathing, cpr if needed, call 999 if seizure longer than 5 mins
what is absence seizure?
appears like casualty is day dreaming, common in children.
reassure them, sit them down, stay with them until fully alert
