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[ANA] MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM > Generalities & Testes > Flashcards

Generalities & Testes Flashcards

1
Q

2 Categories of Sex Organs
* Differenciate them

A

1. Primary Sex Organs – produce sex cells and secrete hormones
2. Accessory Organs – nourish and transports gametes (Glands & Ducts)

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2
Q

Male sex cells
* produced by the __

A

Spermatocytes
* Testes

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3
Q

Female sex cells
* produced by the __

A

Oocytes
* Ovaries

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4
Q

Pathway of spermatocytes

A

Testes => Epididymis => Ductus Deferens => Ejaculatory Ducts => Urethra

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5
Q

Embryological origin of the Testes
* reason for its relocation

A

Posterior Abdominal Wall (L1 or L2)
* Internal Body temp of 37dc is too high => Superficial Location is 3dc cooler

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6
Q

sac of skin and superficial fascia that encloses the testes

A

Scrotum

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7
Q

Muscle Responsible for wrinkling scrotal skin
* Trigger:
* Importance:

A

Dartos muscle
* Trigger: Cold Temperatures
* Importance: It increases thickness and reduces heatloss

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8
Q

Muscle that elevates the Testes
* Trigger:
* Importance:

A

Cremaster muscle
* Trigger: Cold Temperature
* Importance: Elevates the testes toward the body wall to warm it

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9
Q

Muscle involved in relaxing or descending the Testes
* Trigger
* Importance

A

Cremaster muscle
* Trigger: Hot Temperature
* Importance: Testes hang low away from body to increase surface area for cooling

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10
Q

What happens to scrotal skin during hot temperatures

A

It becomes flaccid and loose to promote heatloss

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11
Q

A serous sac that partially encloses the Testes
* Embryological connection

A

Tunica Vaginalis
* it is an outpocketing of the abdominal peritoneal cavity that precedes the descent of the testes

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12
Q

Composition of the Tunica Vaginalis

A
  1. Parietal Layer
  2. Intermediate Layer
  3. Visceral Layer
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13
Q

cavity of the Tunica Vaginalis that contains serous fluid and a remnant of the peritoneum

A

Intermediate Cavity

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14
Q

Why do the connection of Tunica Vaginalis to the peritoneum needs to be destroyed?

A

To prevent intra abdominal contents from descending to the scrotum

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15
Q

Fibrous capsule of the Testes that has septal extensions
* Function

A

**Tunica Albuginea **
* Uas septal extensions that project inward to divide the testes into 250 - 300 Lobules

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16
Q

Tubules that are contained within each Lobule
* Function
* Converges posteriorly to form __ that —

A

Seminiferous Tubules (1 -4)
* sperm production
* Forms the Straight Tubules that conveys the sperm to the Rete Testis

17
Q

Structure that lies in the mediastinum testis , where the sperm leaves the testes via the Efferent Ductules to enter the Epididymis

A

Rete Testis

18
Q

Trace the pathway of sperm from the testes to the epididymis

A

Seminiferous T => Straight T => Rete Testis => Efferent Ductules => Epididymis

19
Q

Scrotal Skin is derived from

A

Abdominal/Perineal Skin

20
Q

Dartos muscle is derived from

A

Superficial Fascia => Colle’s Fascia

21
Q

External Spermatic Fascia is derived from

A

External Oblique Aponeurosis

22
Q

Cremastic Fascia and Muscle is derived from

A

Internal Oblique Muscle

23
Q

Internal spermatic fascia is derived from

A

Transversalis Fascia

24
Q

Tunica Vaginalis is derived from the

A

Peritoneum

25
Q

Main Blood Supply of the Testes
* branch of

A

Testicular (Gonadal a)
* Branch of abdominal aorta @ L2

26
Q

Main Venous Drainage of the Testes
* Drains to
* Importance of this plexus

A

Pampiniform Plexus
* Drains to the Testicular vein
* It absorbs heat from the blood before it enters the testes = cool it down [Countercurrent Heat Exchange]

27
Q

Nerve supply of the Testes

A

PSNS & SNS; Visceral Sensory nerve fibers

28
Q

Cells that are in the process of spermatogenesis
* when does sermatogenesis start?
* What stimulates these cells

A

Spermatogenic Cells
* Starts @ Puberty
* Stimulated by FSH (Ant P)

29
Q

Stem Cell of sperm
* Process of differentiation of sperm

A

Spermatogonia => Primary Spermatocytes => Secondary Spermatocytes => Spermatids = Sperm

30
Q

Cells surrounding the spermatogenic cells (supporting cells)
* function

A

**Sustentocytes or Sertoli Cells **
* Assist in sperm production by
1. carrying nutrients
2. move spermatogenic cells
3. phagocytize the shedded cytoplasm
4. secrete testicular fluid to push sperm out

31
Q

Cells that contract rhythmically
* Function

A

Myoid Cells
* squeeze sperm & testicular fluid out of the testes

32
Q

Cells that make and secrete androgens => testosterone

A

Insterstitial Cells of Leydig

33
Q

Function of Testosterone
* Secretions and effects are controlled by

A

Maintain male sex characteristics and sex organs
* Controlled by the Lutenizing Hormone (AntP)

34
Q

Left Testicular v drains to the __
Right Testicular v drains to the __

A

Left Testicular v => L Renal v
Right Testicular v => IVC

[ANA] MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (5 decks)

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