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CSET Art > General Vocabulary > Flashcards

General Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

abstract art

A

art in which the subject matter has been simplified or distorted to the point that it may no longer be discerned

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2
Q

Abstract Expressionism

A

an art movement that was the product of Expressionism in which artists used a spontaneous method for creating their art: Hans Hoffman, Jackson Pollock, David Smith, Franz Kline

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3
Q

acetate

A

sheets of thin clear plastic used to cover art

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4
Q

actual textures

A

textures that can be felt when touched

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5
Q

additive

A

with light, the process of mixing colors

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6
Q

aerial drawings

A

plans for the placement of a building in a landscape as one looks down at it

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7
Q

aesthetics

A

an area of study aimed at understanding the nature of art, why it is made, what forms it takes, and how people respond to it

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8
Q

aesthetic value

A

the impact a work of art on our senses, intellect, and emotions
the impact a work of art on our senses, intellect, and emotions
the impact a work of art on our senses, intellect, and emotions

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9
Q

album quilt

A

fabric bedcovering of individually designed stitched squares forming an overall pattern

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10
Q

American Abstractionism

A

an art movement characterized by the artist reducing the subject matter to its main features: John Martin, Stuart davis, Mark Toby

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11
Q

anthropomorphism

A

attributing human characteristics, movements, and behaviors to animals

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12
Q

aquatint

A

printmaking process that involves etching and permits broard areas of black and grey tones

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13
Q

armature

A

a supporting structure, usually made of iron or wood that eventually gets covered with the modeling medium

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14
Q

art

A

the expression of ideas, feelings, and values in visual form

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15
Q

Art Brut

A

an art movement that shunned all works made by professional artist and embraced the art of children, developmentally handicapped, and untrained artists

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16
Q

Ash Can School

A

a group of American artists who used images of the American city-slums, alleys, night spots- as their subject matter: John Sloan, George Bellows, Edward Hopper

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17
Q

assemblage

A

bond together shapes or objects by gluing, sodering, pasting, or nailing

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18
Q

atmospheric perspective

A

a sense of spacial depth in a painting giving the illusionn of distance

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19
Q

avant-garde

A

original and experimental art

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20
Q

balance

A

the equal and unequal distribution or arrangement of the elements within a work of art

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21
Q

baren

A

round, smooth, flat pad used in printmaking

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22
Q

barrell vault

A

a series of arches joined together to enclose a space, as in a tunnel

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23
Q

books of hours

A

calander-like books depicting labors and events associated with each month of the year

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24
Q

burnished

A

highly polished in certain areas

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25
Q

bustle

A

a framework or padding worn by women to puff out a skirt

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26
Q

buttress

A

a large support built against a wall to counteract the pressure exerted on the wall from the weight of an arch. vault, or roof

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27
Q

cadastres

A

slabs of clay and papyrus into which land boundaries and fertile areas for crop planting were drawn with a sharp tool

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28
Q

capital

A

top of a column

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29
Q

caricature

A

drawing of a person in which cetain features have been distorted to achieve a humorous or satiracl effect

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30
Q

carving

A

the removal of portions of sculpting material to make a form

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31
Q

casting

A

the pouring of liquid materials, such as clay, bronze, metal or plaster, into a molded design

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32
Q

ceramics

A

the process of creating containers, dishware, or decorative and functional objects from clay

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33
Q

chiaroscuro

A

dramatic contrasts in light and shadow

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34
Q

closure

A

the process by which the minds eye form lines connecting the points even though no lines actually exist

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35
Q

codex

A

a folding screen book, up to twenty feet long, made from paper or bark or pounded deer skin

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36
Q

colonades

A

long rows of very similar columns set equal distant apart

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37
Q

color

A

what is perceived when waves of light strike the retina of the eye

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38
Q

Color Field Art

A

a group of artists who expressed visual statements about color: Mark Rothko, Helen Frankenthaler, Frank Stella

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39
Q

contextual criticism

A

to focus understanding a work of art in relation to personal, social, or historical information that cannot be gathered by observing the art itself

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40
Q

contour drawing

A

rendering of an objects edges and interior lines through continuous movement of a drawing tool

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41
Q

contour line

A

lines that show the edge of a shape

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42
Q

Corinithian column

A

a column that is tall and slim with an ornate capital

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43
Q

Cubism

A

an art movement in which the subject matter is visually fragmented to reveal multiple viewpoints

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44
Q

Dada

A

an art movement whose silly name was used to express the artists’ personal attitudes toward art in society

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45
Q

dome

A

a continuous series of rounded arches with a common center

a continuous series of rounded arches with a common center

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46
Q

doric column

A

columns with no decoration on the capital

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47
Q

draftsman’s net

A

a wooden frame with a net of black threads streatched across the opening, and a movable eye piece to help the artist fix a straight line of sight

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48
Q

dynamics

A

the rhythm and movement in art that expresses great action, energy, and force

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49
Q

earthworks

A

a work of art that is designed for a particular place, utilizes the environment, and depends on the natural environment for its existence, impact, and meaning

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50
Q

effigy

A

an image or a representation of a person or part of nature

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51
Q

elevational drawing

A

architectual drawing that shows the hieght dimensions of a building

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52
Q

embrasures

A

the low segments of a castle or town wall. They provide large openings from which weaponry can be launched

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53
Q

embroidery

A

intricate needle work used to decorate fabric

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54
Q

encaustic

A

an art technique in which hot wax and pigment are applied to canvas with a brush

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55
Q

ephemeral

A

lasting a short time

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56
Q

etching

A

the process of engraving a design into metal plates with acid and a pointed tool called a stylus for the purpose of creating a plate for printing
the process of engraving a design into metal plates with acid and a pointed tool called a stylus for the purpose of creating a plate for printing

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57
Q

Expressionism

A

an art movement with the main goal of expressing deeply felt emotions through art: Max Ernest, Wassily Kandinsky , Franz Marc

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58
Q

Fauves

A

a French word for “wild beasts” a group of artists around the turn of the 20th century with the main goal of experimenting and shocking the audience

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59
Q

Fauvism

A

an art movement characterized by the arbitrary use of color

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60
Q

Femmage Art

A

combination of “Female” and “Collage” used to name an artistic method of creating collages throught the use of traditional sewing and craft techniques, Miriam Schapiro

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61
Q

finial

A

the decorative top or fancy, uppermost tip of the spire of a structure

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62
Q

fluted columns

A

columns with a decorative pattern of grooves running from top to bottom

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63
Q

Fluxus Movement

A

an art movement in which the artists presented live events involving music, literary readings, and spontaneous art, Nam June Piak

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64
Q

flying buttress

A

and arch projecting over the side isle of a cathedral, which hlelps direct the outward thrust downward, creating the illusion of a floating or unsupported roof

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65
Q

folk art

A

artistic work by individuals who have not been trained as artists

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66
Q

foreshortening

A

reducing or distorting shapes to give the illusion of three dimensional space as it is actually seen by the human eye

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67
Q

Formal Academies

A

a group of learned members who establish very strict rules about what the subject of art may be or how it may be created

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68
Q

forms

A

three dimensional shapes

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69
Q

frescoes

A

a style of painting in which tempera is applied to the wet plaster surface of building walls

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70
Q

Futurism

A

a small group of Italian artists whose art is the marriage of the qualities of modern technology with the expressive images of art, Umberto Boccioni,

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71
Q

gesso

A

a white chalky paint used on bare canvas as a foundation

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72
Q

gesture drawings

A

loose, quick renderings of a person, animal or object that captures the act f moving

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73
Q

Gothic

A

a term referring to Goths, a fearsome Germanic people who destroyed a great deal of classical art during the 400’s, also used to describe the architecture of the 1400 and 1500’s

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74
Q

Gothic arch

A

a pointed arch

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75
Q

gouache

A

an opaque paint used with watercolor techniques

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76
Q

Graffiti Art

A

art that consists of images and words applied to subway walls and trains, buildings, and public fixtures

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77
Q

griot

A

a storyteller

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78
Q

groined vault

A

a Roman structure formed by intersecting two barrel vaults at right angles

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79
Q

Harlem Renaissance

A

art movement that illustrated the African American themes about life, Palmer Hayden, Jacob Lawrence, Horace Pippin

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80
Q

high relief

A

sculptural forms in a relief sculpture that protrude significantly

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81
Q

iconography

A

the interpretation of an artifact or work of art through studying its subject matter, theme, and symbols

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82
Q

icons

A

the signs of a particular culture found in its artifacts and works of art

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83
Q

illuminated manuscripts

A

richly illustrated books

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84
Q

implied forms

A

forms that give the illusion of being three dimensional but are represented on a flat, two dimensional surface

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85
Q

implied lines

A

lines that are recognized by the brain and eye but are not really present

86
Q

Installation Art

A

a work of art that is built temporarily or permanently into a museum or gallery space, Lucas Samaras, Sandy Skoglund

87
Q

invented texture

A

texture made up by the artist usiing lines and shapes in patterns

88
Q

ionic column

A

column with a short, fluted shafts and scoll like decorations on the capital

89
Q

itinerant artist

A

an artist who travels from place to place making a living by fulfilling commisions to make art

90
Q

jali

A

a type of Indian carving, literally means “net” but compares much better with the delicacy of lace

91
Q

Kabuki

A

a form of theater that developed in Japan during the 17th century in which both male and female roles were played by men and stories were told through pantomime, dance, and song

92
Q

kachina

A

a representation of the spirit of an earthly object in the Hopi religious system

93
Q

kachina-manas

A

female kachinas

94
Q

keystone

A

a wedge shaped piece of stone at the top of an arch that locks all of the others stones inn place

95
Q

Kinetic Art

A

a type of structure that moves, George Warren Rickey, Len Lye

96
Q

life studies

A

drawings of objects in their environment

97
Q

Light Art

A

art using electric light to create special visual effects, Dan Flavin

98
Q

line

A

a moving point on the surface of a canvas, paper, slab of clay, or metal printing plate that forms shapes, gives direction, and creates rhythm and movement within a work

99
Q

lintel

A

a horizontal beam that lays across two posts with the function of supporting the load placed upon it; also called a beam, rafter, girder

100
Q

low relief

A

sculptural forms in a relief sculpture that protrude only a little

101
Q

mastaba

A

rectangular burial mound with sloping sides

102
Q

media

A

materials such as paint, clay, wood, metal, drawing tools, fibers

103
Q

medical illustrator

A

artists who produce renderings of the external and internal parts of humans and animals

104
Q

merlons

A

the high segments of a castle of town wall that contained an arrow loop from which arrows could be shot

105
Q

method

A

the way in which the artist uses the media

106
Q

Mexican Muralist Art

A

a group of Mexican artists who painted images of Mexican people, revolution and oppression, native traditions, industrialization and hope for the people of Mexico, Diego Rivera

107
Q

minaret

A

a tower with projecting balconies from which Islamic faithful can be called to prayer

108
Q

Minimal Art

A

a 20th century art movement that sought to present ideas in the simplest forms possible

109
Q

modeling

A

the shaping of a sculpture

110
Q

Modernism

A

art and ideas that stress individuality, originality, and universal meaning, and “art for arts sake”

111
Q

Mogul

A

the dynasty that flourished India from the mid 1500 to early 1700’s marked by an interest in architecture, and poetry

112
Q

monochromatic

A

the use of only one color and its different values

113
Q

monoprint

A

a process in which only one image can be lifted from a flat printing plate such as plastic or linoleum

114
Q

Mudras

A

hand gestures with specific meaning in Buddhism

115
Q

mural

A

a work of art in large scale painted or attached to a wall of ceiling

116
Q

naturalistic style

A

an artistic style that attempts to make a work of art as lifelike and true to nature as possible

117
Q

negative space

A

the unused area between, within, and surrounding shapes and forms in an artistic composition

118
Q

netsuke

A

tiny, lifelike, ivory sculptures tied to the cord of a kimono

119
Q

nib

A

the point of a marker or pen

120
Q

one point perspective

A

a work in which the artist has used only one vanishing point

121
Q

Op Art

A

an art movement whose artists were interested in how the careful arranement of lines, colors, and geometric shapes produce an optical effect, Victor Vasarely, Bridget Riley

122
Q

organic shapes

A

shapes that are irregular, curvilinear, and not measurable

123
Q

pagoda

A

a temple of several stories, each story having its own projecting roof

124
Q

Paleolithic

A

referring to the second stage of the Stone Age in which people fashioned their tools from stone

125
Q

panorama

A

a view of what can be seen from many directions

126
Q

pantheon

A

all of the gods of a culture or religion

127
Q

pastels

A

sticks of ground pigment

128
Q

perceive

A

to be aware of things through the senses, the ability to recognize and understand things we experience in our environment

129
Q

perspective

A

a system for representing the illusion of three dimensional space on a flat surface

130
Q

Photo realism

A

an art movement in which the artists painted with such precision and detail that their work resembled a photograph of the image, Richard Estes, Chuck Close

131
Q

photography

A

the making of fine art, commercial, and educational pictures by capturing the light of an object with a camera

132
Q

photoscreen

A

a stencil of an image produced in a printing shop

133
Q

picture plane

A

the flat surface on which a work of art is made

134
Q

pigment

A

matter that gives color to materials such as paints, dyes, crayons, and inks

135
Q

pointillism

A

a painting style that consist of the application of small dots or points of color

136
Q

Pop Art

A

an art movement that was the reflecction of the popular culturee, the media, and advertising images, Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, Robert Rauschenberg

137
Q

porcelain

A

a white fine clay used in the production of high quality dishware and decorated objects

138
Q

positive space

A

the space taken up by the shapes and forms themselves

139
Q

post

A

vertically upright stones or pieces of wood used to support the lintel also called a column

140
Q

Postimpressionism

A

the late 19th century French art movement that expanded ideas expressed by the Impressionists, Vincent van Gogh, Paul Cezanne

141
Q

Post Modern Art

A

artworks and ideas that are rich and diverse in terms of meaning, materials, cultural traditions, and historical references

142
Q

powwow

A

a special gathering of Native Americans marked by ceremonial music and dance

143
Q

primary colors

A

colors that cannot be made by the artist, blue, yellow, red

144
Q

prime

A

to prepare

145
Q

printmaking

A

the process of creating one or more images from a single prepared surface

146
Q

Process Art

A

art movement in which art would undergo performance or transformation, Hans Haacke

147
Q

proportion

A

the relationship in size of one component of a work of art to another

148
Q

pure painting

A

an artistic style of abstracting and simplifying images until only color, line and shape remain

149
Q

ready-mades

A

functional objects, such as bicycle wheels and hat racks, that the artist proclaimed to be works of art

150
Q

real forms

A

3 dimensional forms that actually exist in space like trees, mountains, or buildings

151
Q

real lines

A

lines that exist within a work of art

152
Q

Regionalism

A

art movement in which artists returned to the realistic representation of subject matter characteristic of the part of the country in which they lived, Grant Wood, John Curry

153
Q

relief

A

sculptural forms that protrude from a flat surface

154
Q

relief sculpture

A

a type of carving in which the material is removed from only one side of the sculpture, leaving the back of the sculpture flat

155
Q

reliquaries

A

ornate receptacles of different sizes and shapes used to hold religious relics

156
Q

Renaissance

A

French word meaning “rebirth” applied to the time period that followed the middle ages

157
Q

representational or realistic drawing

A

a rendering that looks like the object or image the artist is viewing or imagining using perspective, shading, and modeling techniques

158
Q

ribbed vault

A

a skeleton of pointed arches to which light masonry could be applied allowing rectangular area to be covered

159
Q

rock art

A

ancient images painted or carved on rock

160
Q

rock cut temple

A

temple carved from solid rock, a process more similar to carving a stone sculpture than constructing a building

161
Q

rose windows

A

round stained-glass windows with a symmetric design around the center

162
Q

screen

A

a fine mesh fabric stretched across a wooden frame for silkscreen printmaking

163
Q

sculpture

A

a making of works of art that possess height, width, and depth

164
Q

scumbling

A

using the side in a back and forth motion of the tool to create a solid area of shading

165
Q

secondary color

A

the result of mixing two primary colors in equal amounts, green, orange, violet

166
Q

serigraph

A

a silkscreen print

167
Q

serpentine

A

a long, thin shape that curves or coils like the body of a snake

168
Q

shades

A

colors to which darker colors or black has been added

169
Q

shape

A

a 2-dimensional area defined by a boundary

170
Q

sikhara

A

spire found on Indian temples

171
Q

simulated texture

A

the recreations of manufactured or natural textures

172
Q

smudging

A

using a finger or blending stick to spread the medium on the surface

173
Q

Social Realists

A

a group of artists who dealt with themes such as poverty, oppression, and social injustice

174
Q

Soho

A

an art movement famous for the short lived art that appeared on walls, windows, and doorways of the public buildings in a 20 block area of New York

175
Q

spectrum

A

the colors that make up light

176
Q

step pyramid

A

a pyramid that was shaped like several mastabas of diminshing size stacked one on top of the other

177
Q

stippling

A

using the point of a drawing tool to make small dots to create an area of dark or light

178
Q

stone pictures

A

Japanese art form in which pictures are “discovered” in stones

179
Q

striations

A

incised line

180
Q

style

A

a characteristic manner of presenting ideas and feeling in a visual form

181
Q

stylized

A

an artistic style in which the body parts of the figure have been simplified and reduced to their most basic form, or artistic form in which an object has been changed or abstracted from nature in order to fit the artistic rules and traditions of a culture

182
Q

subtractive

A

a type of sculpture in which the artist removes selected portions of the sculpting material to create art

183
Q

Superrealism

A

an artistic style with the intent of producing works so realistic that the viewer is unable to distinguish between illusion and reality

184
Q

Suprematism

A

an art movement founded by a small group of Russian artists that consisted of making geometric shapes of color that interact subtly with the backgrounds of similar intensities, Kasimir Malevich

185
Q

Surrealism

A

an art movement in which the artists combined naturally unrelated events, images, objects, or situations in dreamlike scenes, Salvador Dali

186
Q

tag

A

a special signature related to a graffiti artist

187
Q

tertiary colors

A

the result of mixing varying amounts of primary and secondary colors

188
Q

texture

A

the surface qualities of a particular object or work of art

189
Q

The Eight

A

a gathering of 8 artists brought together by Robert Henri who broke with tradition of the European art academics to explore new styles and subjects

190
Q

3 dimension

A

having height, width and depth

191
Q

tints

A

colors to which a lighter shade or white has been added

192
Q

tooled leather

A

leather that has been hand decorated

193
Q

tooth

A

slightly rounded surface of paper

194
Q

totem poles

A

wooden pole that were carved and painted with symbolic designs and that stood upright in front of native houses

195
Q

trompe l’oeil

A

a type of painting that is so realistic that the viewers are not sure whether they are looking at a painting of objects or the objects themselves

196
Q

tumulus

A

a mound over a burial site

197
Q

2 dimensional

A

having width and height

198
Q

two point perspective

A

the use of two vanishing points in a work

199
Q

ukiyo-e

A

an art form of the Edo-Tokugawa period of Japan which literally means “pictures of the floating world”

200
Q

unity

A

a principle that helps us see the components of a work of art as a whole

201
Q

value

A

the amount of lightness or darkness a color possess

202
Q

vanishing point

A

point to which all objects seem to recede

203
Q

vault

A

an arched structure, usually forming a ceiling or doorway or a combination of arches

204
Q

vellum

A

paper made from calfskin that was used for illuminated manuscripts

205
Q

Venuses

A

the name given to female images found carved during the Stone Age

206
Q

wall instillation

A

a work that has been permanently installed into a wall in a museum, public or private building

207
Q

warp threads

A

threads that run vertically in a woven cloth

208
Q

weaving

A

th eprocess of making fabric by passing threads over and under each other in a given pattern

209
Q

weft threads

A

threads that run horizontally in a woven cloth

210
Q

whirligigs

A

wind toys with moving parts that are propelled by the force of the wind

211
Q

worm’s eye view

A

the view you would have if you were lying on the ground looking up, object lies above the horizon line

212
Q

ziggurat

A

massive tiered temples constructed of mud bricks

CSET Art (3 decks)

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