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CAE > General Vocab > Flashcards

General Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

to persuade sb. pron: (persweid)

A

covince sb. by giving them good reasons doing it

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2
Q

Who saw you off at the airport?

A

Who said goodbye to you?

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3
Q
A

thumbtack

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4
Q

to pull someone’s leg

A

to joke on so. behaviour

to make fun of so.

to tease sb.

to ridicule sb.

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5
Q

opposite of sharp

A

blunt

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6
Q

brave and confident; not afraid to say what you feel or to take risks

A

bold

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7
Q
A

drapes (US)

curtains (Brit.)

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8
Q
A

closet (US)

wardrobe (Brit.)

cupboard

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9
Q

synonym for petrol (Brit)

A

gasoline (US)

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10
Q
A

vest (UK) = undershirt

vest (US) = over your shirt (life jacket)

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11
Q
A

bark

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12
Q
A
  1. the main part of the human body apart from the head, arms and legs
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13
Q
A

branch

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14
Q

the condition of being unable to sleep

A

insomnia

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15
Q

a person who goes to a party or social event without being invited

A

gate-crasher

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16
Q
A

beetle

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17
Q
A

lady beetle

ladybird (Brit.)

ladybug (US)

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18
Q
A

basement

cellar (often used for wine)

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19
Q
A

attic (often used for storing things)

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20
Q

human when born

0-12 months

A

a newborn

a baby

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21
Q

6 monthes - 1.5 year

1.5 y. - 3 y. (a child who has only recently learnt to walk)

A

an infant

a toddler

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22
Q

the time when a child is a baby or very young

A

infancy

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23
Q

5 years old

12 years old

A

child

a school-aged child

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24
Q

time between 5y and 12y

A

childhood

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25
Q

13 - 19 years old

A

a teenager / an adolescent

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26
Q

19+ years old

A

a young adult

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27
Q

the state of being an adult

A

adulthood

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28
Q

20-23 years old

24-26 years old

27-29 years old

A

to be in your early twenties

to be in your mid twenties

to be in your late twenties

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29
Q

40-50 years old

A

to be middle-aged

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30
Q

70+ years old

A

to be elderly

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31
Q

silly and more typical of a child than an adult

A

juvenile (-)

immature (-)

infantile (-)

childish (-)

puerile (-)

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32
Q

having the qualities that children usually have, especially innocence

or

full of energy

A

childlike (+)

innocent (+)

naive (-)

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33
Q

young or seeming younger than you are

A

youthful (+)

fresh-faced

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34
Q

looking or behaving like a boy, in a way that is attractive

A

boyish (+)

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35
Q

behaving in a sensible way, like an adult

A

mature (+) - Jane is very mature for her age.

grown-up

adult (adj.)

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36
Q

too old person

A

geriatric (-)

ancient (-)

aging

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37
Q

the way you notice things, especially with the senses (Wahrnehmung)

A

perception

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38
Q

full of life and energy

A

vibrant

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39
Q

o laugh in a silly way because you are amused, embarrassed or nervous

A

giggle (at/about somebody/something)

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40
Q

1) to complain in an annoying, crying voice
2) to make a long high unpleasant sound (drill)

A

to whine

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41
Q

to take and then let out a long deep breath that can be heard, to show that you are disappointed, sad, tired, etc.

A

to sigh

sigh (n)

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42
Q

1) a long curved channel made of metal or plastic that is fixed under the edge of a roof to carry away the water when it rains
2) a channel at the edge of a road where water collects and is carried away to drains

A

gutter

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43
Q

a feeling of great worry or unhappiness; great suffering

A

distress

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44
Q

to make a long loud high cry because you are sad or in pain

A

to wail

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45
Q

to make a long deep sound or series of sounds

A

to rumble

I’m so hungry my stomach’s rumbling.

The machine rumbled as it started up.

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46
Q

(of a bee) to make a continuous low sound

to be full of excitement, activity, etc.

A

to buzz

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47
Q
A

screw (n)

to screw / unscrew / to twist

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48
Q
A

screwdriver

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49
Q
A

straw

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50
Q

a person with no home or job who travels from place to place, usually asking people in the street for food or money

A

tramp

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51
Q

to persuade somebody not to do something

A

to dissuade (v)

dissonant (adj)

dissonance (n)

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52
Q

of or inside a particular country; not foreign or international

A

domestic

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53
Q

1) the part around the neck of a shirt, jacket or coat that usually folds down
2) a band of leather or plastic put around the neck of an animal, especially a dog

A

collar

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54
Q

a piece of jewellery consisting of a chain, string of beads, etc. worn around the neck

A

necklace

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55
Q

synonym for disgusting

A

revolting

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56
Q

greatest; most extreme

the greatest amount possible

A

utmost (adj)

utmost (noun)

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57
Q

to do the most you can

A

to do one’s utmost to do sth.

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58
Q

to make sth. seem less serious

A

to downplay sth.

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59
Q

cows and bulls that are kept as farm animals for their milk or meat

A

cattle

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60
Q

feeling sad or depressed

A

to be downcast (by…)

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61
Q

terrible, shocking, extremely bad

A

appalling (adj)

to appal (v)

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62
Q

synonym for annoying or irritating

to annoy or irritate sb.

A

irksome (adj)

to irk (v)

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63
Q

synonym for bad luck

A

misfortune (n)

unfortunate (adj.)

unfortunate (n,p)

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64
Q

an amazing book that you can’t stop reading

A

a page-turner

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65
Q

sth. is unusual

A

sth. is (a bit) out of the ordinary

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66
Q

sth. is very important/necessary/essential/vital

A

sth. is a paramount

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67
Q

synonym for necessary, important or essential

A

vital

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68
Q

synonym for salary

A

remuneration

69
Q

to make a very loud deep noise

when it ???, there is a loud noise in the sky during a storm

A

to thunder

thunder (n)

70
Q

to make a loud high unpleasant sound

A

to screech

screech (n)

71
Q

to move around in a large group

A

to swarm

swarm (n)

72
Q

1) to give orders, ask questions, etc. in a loud, unfriendly way
2) when a dog ???, it makes a short loud sound

A

to bark

73
Q

to shake in a way that you cannot control, especially because you are very nervous, excited, frightened, etc.

A

to tremble

74
Q

to make a long deep sound because you are annoyed, upset or in pain, or with pleasure

A

to groan

idiom:

groan under the weight of something

(formal) used to say that there is too much of something

75
Q

1) to laugh very loudly
2) to make a very loud, deep sound (lion)

A

to roar

76
Q

1) to hit your foot against something while you are walking or running and almost fall
2) to make a mistake or mistakes and stop while you are speaking, reading to somebody or playing music
3) to walk or move in an unsteady way

A

to stumble

to stumble through/over

77
Q

if a person is ???, they have a disease that can be spread to other people by touch

A

contagious

78
Q

the foot of an animal that has claws or nails

A

paw

79
Q

to damage somebody’s body so that they are no longer able to walk or move normally

a person who is unable to walk or move normally because of a disease or injury

A

to cripple (v) sb.

crippling (adj)

cripple

People now use disabled person instead of ‘cripple’

80
Q

a small depression in the flesh, either one that exists permanently or one that forms in the cheeks when one smiles.

A

dimple (adj)

to dimple (verb)

81
Q

an official piece of paper on which a doctor writes the type of medicine you should have, and which enables you to get it from a chemist’s shop/drugstore

A

prescription

82
Q

to talk with too much pride about something that you have or can do

to have something that is impressive and that you can be proud of

A

to boast (verb)

boast (n)

boastful (adj)

She is always boasting about how wonderful her children are.

I don’t want to boast, but I can actually speak six languages.

The hotel also boasts two swimming pools and a golf course.

83
Q

to ask for something very firmly (n,v)

things that somebody/something makes you do, especially things that are difficult, make you tired, worried, etc (n)

the desire or need of customers for goods or services which they want to buy or use (n)

needing a lot of skill, patience, effort, etc. (adj)

(of a person) expecting a lot of work or attention from others; not easily satisfied (adj)

A

demand (n)

to demand (v)

demanding (adj)

84
Q

(of buildings and places) far away from any others

without much contact with other people or other countries

single; happening once

A

isolated (adj)

isolation (n)

to isolate (v)

85
Q

a public statement that is made without giving proof, accusing somebody of doing something that is wrong or illegal

to state something as a fact but without giving proof

A

allegation (n)

to allege (v)

alleged (adj)

allegedly (adv)

86
Q

money that you pay to use a particular road or bridge

the amount of damage or the number of deaths and injuries that are caused in a particular war, disaster, etc.

A

toll (n)

87
Q

a lack of food during a long period of time in a region

A

famine (n)

88
Q

to be formed from the people or things mentioned (bestehen aus)

A

consist of

89
Q
A
90
Q

as a result of feelings that influence your behaviour even though you are not aware of them

A

subconsciously

91
Q

meanings of issue

A

1) an important topic that people are discussing or arguing about
2) a problem or worry that somebody has with something
3) a number or set of things that are supplied and made available at the same time
4) the act of supplying or making available things for people to buy or use

92
Q

famous for sth. negative (n,adj)

in a way that is well known for being bad (adv)

A

notorious (for) (adj)

notoriety (n) for/as

notoriously (adv)

She achieved notoriety for her affair with the senator.

This make of car has a certain notoriety for rust problems

He gained a certain notoriety as a gambler.

The local bus service is notoriously unreliable.

93
Q

1) to hit somebody/something hard or with force (formal)
2) to hit or kick a ball, etc.
3) to attack somebody/something, especially suddenly
4) to happen suddenly and have a harmful or damaging effect on somebody/something
5) to refuse to work, because of a disagreement over pay or conditions
6) to show the time by making a ringing noise, etc.

A

to strike / struck / struck (verb)

strike (n)

94
Q

in a strong or definite way

A

firmly (adv)

firmness (n)

‘I can manage,’ she said firmly.

It is now firmly established as one of the leading brands in the country.

He held her firmly but gently.

95
Q

in a way that has a very great effect on somebody/something (adv)

very great; felt or experienced very strongly (adj)

A

profoundly (adv)

profundity (n) => different meaning

profound (adj)

96
Q

an idea, a belief or an understanding of something (n)

based on a guess, estimate or theory; not existing in reality (adj)

A

notion (n)

notional (adj)

notionally (adv)

97
Q

a person living in a country that is not their own

A

expatriate (eksˈpeɪtriət) / expat

98
Q

existing in large numbers / zahlreich

A

numerous (adj)

99
Q

1) trouble or problems, especially concerning what you need or would like yourself (n)
2) a person or thing that causes problems or difficulties (n)
3) to cause trouble or difficulty for somebody (verb)

A

inconvenience (n)

to inconvenience (verb)

inconvenient (adj) = unpassend

inconveniently (adv)

That’s most inconvenient for me. I’m working that weekend.

100
Q

not trying to appear more special, intelligent, important, etc. than you really are

down to earth, simple

opp.: trying to appear important, intelligent, etc. in order to impress other people; trying to be something that you are not, in order to impress

A

unpretentious

opp. pretentious

101
Q

ordinary; typical of what happens every day

A

quotidian (adj)

102
Q

that has never happened, been done or been known before

A

unprecedented (adj)

unprecedentedly (adj)

There were unprecedented scenes of violence in the city’s main square.

103
Q

1) o disagree strongly with somebody’s plan, policy, etc. and try to change it or prevent it from succeeding (v)
2) to compete with somebody in a contest (adj)
3) playing, fighting, working, etc. against each other (adj 2)

A

to oppose (v)

to be opposed to sth. (adj)

opposing (adj)

This party would bitterly oppose the re-introduction of the death penalty.

He intends to oppose the prime minister in the leadership election.

a player from the opposing side

104
Q

1) the beliefs and attitudes that somebody has as a result of their past experiences
2) syn.: luggage

A

baggage (n)

She was carrying a lot of emotional baggage.

I unloaded my baggage, both pshysically and mentally.

105
Q

1) a person that you know but who is not a close friend (n)

slight friendship (n)

2) to make somebody/yourself familiar with or aware of something (v)

A

acquaintance (n,formal)

acquaint somebody/yourself with something (v)

He’s just a business acquaintance.

Please acquaint me with the facts of the case.

106
Q

permanently (idiom)

A

for good

This time she’s leaving for good (= she will never return).

107
Q

1) to start to burn; to make something start to burn = anzünden (v)
2) the electrical system of a vehicle that makes the fuel begin to burn to start the engine; the place in a vehicle where you start this system = Zündung (n)

A

ignite (formal,v)

ignition (n)

Gas ignites very easily.

(figurative) Tempers ignited when the whole family spent Christmas together.

108
Q

to give somebody information so that they understand something better = erklären, erläutern

A

to enlighten sb. (formal,v)

enlightening (adj)

enlightenment (n)

She didn’t enlighten him about her background.

109
Q

if something enthrals you, it is so interesting, beautiful, etc. that you give it all your attention = fesselnd

A

to enthral sb. (v)

enthralling (adj)

This book will enthral readers of all ages

110
Q

a ceremony at which a crown is formally placed on the head of a new king or queen =Krönung

A

coronation (n)

111
Q

connected with cooking or food (adj)

A

culinary (adj)

112
Q

to name things on a list one by one (aufzählen)

A

enumerate (v)

enumeration (n)

he enumerated the main points.

113
Q

the state of having more than one possible meaning

a word or statement that can be understood in more than one way

Zweideutigkeit / Unklarheit

A

ambiguity (n)

ambiguous (adj)

ambiguously (adv)

opp.: unambiguous => clear in meaning; that can only be understood in one way

You need to phrase the letter carefully so that there’s no possibility of ambiguity at all.

114
Q

1) to say or write something in a particular way
2) to divide a piece of music into small groups of notes; to play or sing these in a particular way, especially in an effective way

A

to phrase (v)

Her order was phrased as a suggestion.

115
Q
A
116
Q

not interesting or exciting

syn.: boring

A

mundane (adj)

dull

tedious (long and boring)

monotonous

117
Q
A

toad

118
Q

willing to listen to, think about or accept different ideas

A

open-minded

119
Q

opp. open-minded

A

narrow-minded

120
Q

to attack somebody violently in order to steal their money, especially in a public place

A

to mug

She had been mugged in the street in broad daylight.

121
Q

to ignore somebody completely

A

to blank sb.

I saw her on the bus this morning, but she totally blanked me.

122
Q

What does fancy (adj) mean?

A

1) unusually complicated, often in an unnecessary way; intended to impress other people (a kitchen full of fancy gadgets)
2) with a lot of decorations or bright colours (He was the fanciest dresser in the room.)
3) expensive or connected with an expensive way of life (fancy restaurants with fancy prices)

123
Q
A

trunk (US)

boot (Brit)

124
Q

talk too proudly about something you own or something you have done

A

to boast (about/of something)

boastful (adj)

boast (n)

to brag (to somebody) (about/of something)

braggart (n,p)

125
Q

to decide and state officially in court that somebody is guilty of a crime

A

to convict sb. (of something)

convict (n,p)

conviction (n)

126
Q

opposite of conviction

(an official decision in court that a person is not guilty of a crime)

A

acquittal (n)

to acquit somebody (of something)

127
Q

(Rueckgang wirschaft(

a continuous decrease in the number, value, quality, etc. of something (n)

to become smaller, fewer, weaker, etc. (v)

to refuse politely to accept or to do something = refuse (v)

A

decline in / of something

The company reported a small decline in its profits.

An increase in cars has resulted in the decline of public transport.

128
Q

a person who makes money by starting or running businesses, especially when this involves taking financial risks

A

entrepreneur (n,p)

entrepreneurship (n)

entrepreneurial (adj)

129
Q

a difficult and sad situation

A

plight (n)

the plight of the homeless

130
Q

the act of teaching something, especially to one person or to people in small groups

A

tuition

131
Q

to help somebody/something to develop and be successful

care, encouragement and support given to somebody/something while they are growing

A

nurture (v,f)

nurture (n,f)

132
Q

1) the act of finding somebody guilty of a crime in court; the fact of having been found guilty
2) a strong opinion or belief
3) the feeling or appearance of believing something strongly and of being sure about it

A

conviction for/that (n)

convict (n,p)

to convict of (v)

She has six previous convictions for theft.

a conviction that all would be well in the end

He was convicted of fraud.

133
Q

1) the crime of cheating somebody in order to get money or goods illegally (Betrug)
2) a person who pretends to have qualities, abilities, etc. that they do not really have in order to cheat other people
3) a person who commits fraud

A

fraud (n/n,p)

fraudster (n,p)

She was charged with credit card fraud.

He’s nothing but a liar and a fraud.

134
Q

a long thin piece of rope or leather, attached to a handle, used for making animals move or punishing people (Peitsche)

to stir cream, etc. very quickly until it becomes stiff (v)

A

whip (n)

to whip (v)

135
Q

1) a hit with a whip, given as a form of punishment
2) to hit somebody/something with great force

A

lash (n)

to lash (v)

The rain lashed at the windows.

136
Q

1) to make a long cut with a sharp object, especially in a violent way (aufschlitzen)
2) to reduce something by a large amount

A

to slash (v)

slash (n)

Someone had slashed the tyres on my car.

She tried to kill herself by slashing her wrists.

The price/cost/fare has been slashed by half.

137
Q

cooking

A
138
Q

1 ) very active, determined or full of energy (=energetic)

2) strong and healthy

A

vigorous (adj)

vigorously (adv)

vigour (n)

a vigorous campaign against tax fraud

a vigorous young man

139
Q

in the end; finally

A

ultimately

Ultimately, you’ll have to make the decision yourself.

A poor diet will ultimately lead to illness.

The campaign was ultimately successful.

140
Q

a small mistake in a typed or printed text

A

typo

Could you check this letter for typos?

141
Q

the crime of doing something that could cause danger to your country, such as helping its enemies during a war (=Verrat)

A

treason (n)

treasonable (adj)

an act of high treason against the English crown.

They were charged with treason and sentenced to death.

142
Q

to become, and continue to be, successful, strong, healthy, etc. (florieren, bluehen, gedeihen)

A

to thrive (v)

thriving (adj)

New businesses thrive in this area.

flourish (v)

The arts began to flourish at that time.

These plants flourish in a damp climate.

143
Q

1) a situation in which people do not trust each other, or feel unfriendly towards each other, and which may cause them to attack each other (=Anspannung)
2) a situation in which the fact that there are different needs or interests causes difficulties

A

tension (n)

There is mounting tension along the border.

There is often a tension between the aims of the company and the wishes of the employees.

144
Q

having a brown skin colour as a result of being in the sun

A

tanned (adj)

He had a tanned face and clear eyes.

145
Q

What is a streaker?

A

a person who runs through a public place with no clothes on as a way of getting attention

146
Q

1) having a lot of experience of the world and knowing about fashion, culture and other things that people think are socially important (opp. naive)
2) (of a person) able to understand difficult or complicated ideas

A

(un)sophisticated (adj)

sophisticate (n,p)

sophistication (n)

Mark is a smart and sophisticated young man.

147
Q

Schlitten

A

a sledge (= a vehicle that slides over snow), especially one pulled by horses

148
Q
A

shovel (n)

to shovel (v)

149
Q

a large piece of equipment for cooking food, containing an oven and gas or electric rings on top (=Herd)

A

stove

cooker (Brit)

range (US)

150
Q

a fault in somebody’s character, a plan, a system, etc. (=Mangel,Fehler,Schwaeche)

A

shortcoming (n); defect

She made me aware of my own shortcomings.

151
Q

to choose somebody for a job or position of responsibility (=ernennen)

A

to appoint sb. to sth. (v)

They have appointed a new head teacher at my son’s school.

She has recently been appointed to the committee.

152
Q

1) made or produced to copy something natural; not real (=kuenstlich)
2) created by people; not happening naturally
3) not what it appears to be (=fake)

A

artificial (adj)

an artificial limb/flower

A job interview is a very artificial situation.

artificial emotion

153
Q
A
154
Q

the violent killing of a large number of people (3 words)

A

carnage

slaughter

massacre

the carnage of the First World War

the wholesale slaughter of innocent people

the bloody massacre of innocent civilians

155
Q

the formal word for stop

A

to cease (v)

cessation (n)

You never cease to amaze me!

He ordered his men to cease fire

The company ceased trading in June

156
Q

to accept behaviour that is morally wrong or to treat it as if it were not serious

A

to condone (v)

Terrorism can never be condoned.

The college cannot condone any behaviour that involves illicit drugs.

157
Q

you put a plug into in order to connect electrical equipment to the power supply of a building

A

socket (Brit)

outlet (US)

a wall socket

The battery charger plugs into any mains socket.

158
Q

a small plastic object with two or three metal pins, that connects a piece of electrical equipment to the main supply of electricity

A

plug

a three-pin plug

I’ll have to change the plug on my hairdryer.

159
Q

things in a bathroom

A
160
Q

a place where people meet for an organized event, for example a concert, sporting event or conference

A

venue (n)

The band will be playing at 20 different venues on their UK tour.

Please note the change of venue for this event.

161
Q

synonyms for decide

A

to opt for

…

162
Q

1) to happen or to make something happen faster or earlier than expected
2) to start to go faster

(beschleunigen)

A

accelerate

acceleration

Exposure to the sun can accelerate the ageing process.

The car accelerated to overtake me.

163
Q

to say that somebody has done something wrong or is guilty of something (beschuldigen, anklagen)

A

to accuse (v)

accuser (n,p) = Anklaeger

the accused (n,p) = Angeklagte

164
Q
A
165
Q

What is a cushion?

A

a cloth bag filled with soft material or feathers that is used, for example, to make a seat more comfortable

vs.

pillow is only used in the bed

166
Q

to change the colour of something, especially by using a special liquid or substance

A

to dye (v)

dye (n)

She dyed her hair blonde.

hair dye

167
Q

that must be done because of a law or a rule

less formal word for mandatory

opp. of voluntary

A

compulsory (adj)

compulsorily (adv)

It is compulsory for all motorcyclists to wear helmets.

English is a compulsory subject at this level.

168
Q

1) not having much distance between the top or surface and the bottom
opp. of deep
2) not showing serious thought, feelings, etc. about something (superficial)

A

shallow (adj)

shallowly (adv)

shallowness (n)

These fish are found in shallow waters around the coast.

CAE (7 decks)

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