Flash Cards Espanol > General Vocab > Flashcards
General Vocab Flashcards
Largo
Long
Long
Largo
Meters
Metros
Also
También
Qué
That
That
Qué
Hair
Pelo
Pelo
Hair
Ojos
Eyes
Eyes
Ojos (oh-hos)
Wide
Ancha
Ancha
Wide
cuerpo
Body
Body
cuerpo
porqué
Because
Because
porqué
do
and create a sentence with the Spanish with this word
Every day I do exercise to stay in shape.
Hago
“Todos los días hago ejercicio para mantenerme en forma.” (Every day I do exercise to stay in shape.)
I do
Hargo
Mismo
Same
Same
Mismo
fuertes
Powerful
Powerful
fuertes
igual
Equal
Equal
igual
compañía
Company
Company
compañía
ciencia
Science
Science
ciencia
Sorprendido
Suprised
Suprised
Sorprendido
Hay
There is
There is
Hay
Company
Compañía
Can
Puedo
His friends
Sus amigos
All
Todos
Keep me
mantenerme
Remember “maintain” maintain myself and keep as in keep (maintain) ownership
Root word: mantener ….to maintain in Spanish
In Spanish explain the word mantenerme and how and why this word is created
The word “mantenerme” in Spanish is a reflexive verb formed by combining the verb “mantener” (to maintain) with the reflexive pronoun “me” (myself). The reflexive pronoun “me” indicates that the action of maintaining is being done to oneself. In this case, “mantenerme” means “to maintain myself” or “to keep myself.” It is created in this way to express the idea of self-maintenance or self-keeping, emphasizing that the action is directed towards oneself.
to maintain
What is the root word/verb
mantener” (to maintain)
Shape
Forma
What is A noun?
A noun is a word that represents a person, place, thing, or idea.
In a sentence, nouns typically function as subjects, objects, or complements. They can be concrete (tangible objects like “table” or “cat”) or abstract (intangible concepts like “love” or “freedom”). Nouns can also be singular or plural, and they often have gender in languages that assign gender to nouns.
What is a pronoun?
A pronoun is a word that can function by itself as a noun phrase and that refers either to the participants in the discourse (e.g., I, you) or to someone or something mentioned elsewhere in the discourse (e.g., she, it, this). Pronouns are used to avoid repeating the same nouns multiple times in a sentence or paragraph. They can stand in for nouns that have already been mentioned or that the speaker or writer expects the listener or reader to know about.
Provide a list of pronouns:
Subject Pronouns
1. Yo - I
2. Tú - You (informal)
3. Él - He
4. Ella - She
5. Usted - You (formal)
6. Nosotros - We (masculine or mixed group)
7. Nosotras - We (feminine)
8. Vosotros - You all (informal, masculine or mixed group, used primarily in Spain)
9. Vosotras - You all (informal, feminine, used primarily in Spain)
10. Ellos - They (masculine or mixed group)
11. Ellas - They (feminine)
12. Ustedes - You all (formal in Spain, both formal and informal in Latin America)
#### Direct Object Pronouns
1. Me - Me
2. Te - You (informal)
3. Lo - Him, it (masculine)
4. La - Her, it (feminine)
5. Nos - Us
6. Os - You all (informal, used primarily in Spain)
7. Los - Them (masculine or mixed group)
8. Las - Them (feminine)
- Me - Me
- Te - You (informal)
- Le - Him, her, you (formal)
- Nos - Us
- Os - You all (informal, used primarily in Spain)
- Les - Them, you all (formal)
- Me - Myself
- Te - Yourself (informal)
- Se - Himself, herself, yourself (formal), themselves, yourselves
- Nos - Ourselves
- Os - Yourselves (informal, used primarily in Spain)
- Mío, Mía, Míos, Mías - Mine
- Tuyo, Tuya, Tuyos, Tuyas - Yours (informal)
- Suyo, Suya, Suyos, Suyas - His, hers, yours (formal), theirs
- Nuestro, Nuestra, Nuestros, Nuestras - Ours
- Vuestro, Vuestra, Vuestros, Vuestras - Yours (informal, used primarily in Spain)
- Este, Esta, Estos, Estas - This, these
- Ese, Esa, Esos, Esas - That, those
- Aquel, Aquella, Aquellos, Aquellas - That, those (over.
my
mi(s): my
your (singular informal)
tu(s): your
his, her, its, your (formal), their
su(s)
Our or ours ( that our table)
nuestro/a(s)
My book
Mi libro (My book)
Your dog
Tu perro
His/her house or Your (formal) house)
Su casa ……mi casa es su casa (my house is your house)
Their children or Your (formal) children)
Sus hijos
To maintain
Mantener (verb)
Mantenerme
Explain how this word was formed
The word “mantenerme” in Spanish is a reflexive verb formed by combining the verb “mantener” (to maintain) with the reflexive pronoun “me” (myself). The reflexive pronoun “me” indicates that the action of maintaining is being done to oneself. In this case, “mantenerme” means “to maintain myself” or “to keep myself.” It is created in this way to express the idea of self-maintenance or self-keeping, emphasizing that the action is directed towards oneself.
In Spanish, the word for “surprise” and “surprised”
Explain how and why the word changes and also the male and female
In Spanish, the word for “surprise” is “sorpresa.” When describing someone who is surprised, the word changes to “sorprendido” for a male and “sorprendida” for a female. This change occurs because adjectives in Spanish agree in gender and number with the noun they modify.
For example:
- “Él está sorprendido” (He is surprised)
- “Ella está sorprendida” (She is surprised)
The adjective “sorprendido/a” is derived from the past participle of the verb “sorprender” (to surprise). So, “sorprendido/a” literally means “surprised,” and it agrees with the gender of the person being described (masculine or feminine).
What is an adjective?
An adjective is a word that describes or modifies a noun or pronoun, providing more information about its characteristics, qualities, or attributes. Adjectives can indicate size, color, shape, age, origin, material, or any other aspect that helps to give a clearer picture or add detail to the noun or pronoun they accompany. For example, in the phrase “the big house,” “big” is the adjective describing the noun “house” by indicating its size.
What are some examples of adjectives in Spanish?
:
- Size: grande (big), pequeño (small)
- Color: rojo (red), azul (blue)
- Shape: redondo (round), cuadrado (square)
- Age: joven (young), viejo (old)
- Origin: español (Spanish), francés (French)
- Material: de madera (wooden), de metal (metallic)
- Emotion/Personality: feliz (happy), triste (sad)
- Physical Qualities: alto (tall), bajo (short)
- Temporal: antiguo (ancient), nuevo (new)
- Quantity/Number: muchos (many), pocos (few)
These adjectives are used to provide more information about nouns in Spanish sentences, just like their English counterparts.
In Spanish, a reflexive verb is?
In Spanish, a reflexive verb is a verb whose subject and object are the same, indicating that the action of the verb is performed by the subject on itself. Reflexive verbs are accompanied by reflexive pronouns that indicate that the action is being done to oneself. These reflexive pronouns include “me” (myself), “te” (yourself), “se” (himself/herself/itself), “nos” (ourselves), “os” (yourselves - used in Spain), and “se” (themselves).
For example:
- “Yo me lavo” (I wash myself)
- “Tú te cepillas los dientes” (You brush your teeth)
- “Él se viste” (He dresses himself)
- “Nosotros nos divertimos” (We have fun)
- “Vosotros os quejáis mucho” (You complain a lot - used in Spain)
- “Ellos se conocen desde niños” (They have known each other since childhood)
Reflexive verbs are common in Spanish and are used to express actions that are done to oneself, such as grooming, dressing, or emotions/actions related to oneself.
What are some examples of nouns in Spanish
- Person: persona (person), niño (boy), niña (girl), hombre (man), mujer (woman)
- Place: casa (house), ciudad (city), país (country), parque (park), escuela (school)
- Thing: mesa (table), silla (chair), coche (car), libro (book), computadora (computer)
- Animal: perro (dog), gato (cat), pájaro (bird), elefante (elephant), pez (fish)
- Idea/Concept: amor (love), felicidad (happiness), libertad (freedom), paz (peace), éxito (success)
These are just a few examples of the many nouns in Spanish that represent people, places, things, animals, and abstract concepts.
That
Ese
Why is the order of words different in Spanish than in English
In Spanish, the order of words in a sentence can be different from English. In your example, “a Spanish class” becomes “un clase de español” because Spanish often places the descriptive noun after the noun it describes.
Se you later
Hasta luego
You’re welcome see you tomorrow
De nada, hasta mañana
Hello good afternoon
Hola, buenas tardes
Quiero
Want
The hotel, the hotels
El hotel/los hotels
A hotel/s
Un hotel/unos hotels
The house/the houses
La Casa/las casas
A house/houses
Una casa/ unas casas
The verb “ir” in Spanish means “to go” and is one of the most commonly used and irregular verbs. Its conjugation changes significantly across tenses, so it doesn’t follow the regular patterns for “-ir” verbs. Here’s how “ir” is conjugated in present tense
Subject Pronoun Conjugation
Yo voy
Tú vas
Él/Ella/Usted va
Nosotros/Nosotras vamos
Vosotros/Vosotras vais
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes van
When do we add “el” (the article) before the days of the week? And what is the 3 step process for something that will happen in the future?
When expressing that we will be doing something on that. It’s the equivalent of “On Monday…” = “El lunes…”
REMEMBER: saying “El lunes…” is the equivalent of “on Monday…”
REMEMBER: to express that something will happen in the future. We use a 3 step process/formula.
The verb “ir” conjugated (yo voy, tú vas, él va, nosotros vamos, ellos van)
Add “a”
The infinitive of the verb
On Friday I will surf = El viernes voy a surfear
I will work = Voy a trabajar
On Friday I’ll see the house = El viernes voy a ver la casa
On Friday I’ll go see the house = El viernes yo voy a ir a ver la casa
On Friday is the time for my bike = El viernes es el tiempo para mi bicicleta
Tarea: Should we eat sushi on Saturday? = el sabado comemos sushi?
Do you have a dog? = tienes un perro?
Did you have a dog? = tuviste un perro? (past tense example)
The sentence “El viernes yo voy a ir a ver la casa” translates to “On Friday, I am going to go to see the house.” breakdown of its construction:
O
1. “El viernes” (On Friday):
• “El” is the definite article (“the”), used here with “viernes” (Friday) to specify a particular day of the week. In Spanish, days of the week don’t change form (i.e., don’t add “s”) when used with articles like “el” to indicate specific times. • This phrase indicates when the action is going to take place.
- “Yo” (I):• “Yo” is the subject pronoun meaning “I.” It’s not always necessary to use subject pronouns in Spanish because verb conjugations often make the subject clear, but here it adds emphasis to who is going.
- “Voy a ir” (I am going to go):• “Voy” is the present tense conjugation of “ir” (to go) for “yo” (I).
• “A” (to) is used to introduce the action that follows.
• “Ir” is the infinitive form of the verb “to go.” So, “voy a ir” means “I am going to go.”
• This structure expresses near future in Spanish, which is very common and uses the formula: [present tense of “ir”] + “a” + [infinitive verb]. - “A ver” (to see):• “Ver” means “to see” in its infinitive form. This expresses the purpose of going—to see something.
• “A” again functions as “to,” linking the verb “ir” (to go) with the verb “ver” (to see). - “La casa” (the house):• “La” is the definite article for feminine singular nouns, meaning “the.”
• “Casa” is a feminine noun meaning “house.”
• Together, “la casa” means “the house.”
Summary of Sentence:
The sentence expresses a plan for the near future: “On Friday, I am going to go to see the house.” It uses a common future construction (“voy a [infinitive]”) to indicate an action that will happen soon.
Pronoto
Soon or early
Tan
So
Why does gusta never change? And where does the word gusta come from (derive). What does the word mean?
It’s a special verb
The verb “gusta” in Spanish comes from the verb “gustar,” which means “to be pleasing” or “to like.” Unlike typical verbs, “gustar” is conjugated based on the thing or things that are liked, rather than the person doing the liking. This is why “gusta” often doesn’t seem to change in many situations. Let’s break it down:
- How “Gustar” Works:• In Spanish, the structure for expressing likes is different than in English. Instead of saying “I like something,” you are saying “something pleases me” or “something is pleasing to me.”
• The thing that pleases (the subject) dictates how “gustar” is conjugated. - Singular or Plural Subject:• “Gusta” is used when the subject is singular or an action (verb):
• “Me gusta el libro” = “I like the book” (Literally: “The book pleases me”).
• “Me gusta correr” = “I like to run” (Literally: “Running pleases me”).
• “Gustan” is used when the subject is plural:
• “Me gustan los libros” = “I like the books” (Literally: “The books please me”). - Why “Gusta” Doesn’t Change for the Subject:• “Gusta” doesn’t change to reflect who is doing the liking (the person), because the person is indicated by indirect object pronouns like me (to me), te (to you), le (to him/her), etc.
• “Me gusta el café” = “I like coffee.”
• “Te gusta el café” = “You like coffee.”
• “Le gusta el café” = “He/She likes coffee.”
In all these examples, the verb “gusta” stays the same because the subject, “el café” (the coffee), is singular. It’s the indirect object pronoun (me, te, le) that changes based on the person who likes something.
- Conjugation Depends on the Subject (Thing Liked):• The conjugation of “gustar” is driven by whether the thing being liked is singular or plural, or if it’s a verb (activity).
• Since the subject is often singular (one thing or one action), “gusta” remains unchanged in many sentences.
Example:
• “Me gusta la música” (I like music) → Music is singular, so we use “gusta.” • “Me gustan las canciones” (I like the songs) → Songs are plural, so we use “gustan.”
In short, “gusta” usually stays the same because it reflects the thing that is liked, and many sentences involve singular subjects or actions. When the subject is plural, it changes to “gustan.”
Why does gusta never change? And where does the word gusta come from (derive). What does the word mean?
It’s a special verb
The verb “gusta” in Spanish comes from the verb “gustar,” which means “to be pleasing” or “to like.” Unlike typical verbs, “gustar” is conjugated based on the thing or things that are liked, rather than the person doing the liking. This is why “gusta” often doesn’t seem to change in many situations. Let’s break it down:
- How “Gustar” Works:• In Spanish, the structure for expressing likes is different than in English. Instead of saying “I like something,” you are saying “something pleases me” or “something is pleasing to me.”
• The thing that pleases (the subject) dictates how “gustar” is conjugated. - Singular or Plural Subject:• “Gusta” is used when the subject is singular or an action (verb):
• “Me gusta el libro” = “I like the book” (Literally: “The book pleases me”).
• “Me gusta correr” = “I like to run” (Literally: “Running pleases me”).
• “Gustan” is used when the subject is plural:
• “Me gustan los libros” = “I like the books” (Literally: “The books please me”). - Why “Gusta” Doesn’t Change for the Subject:• “Gusta” doesn’t change to reflect who is doing the liking (the person), because the person is indicated by indirect object pronouns like me (to me), te (to you), le (to him/her), etc.
• “Me gusta el café” = “I like coffee.”
• “Te gusta el café” = “You like coffee.”
• “Le gusta el café” = “He/She likes coffee.”
In all these examples, the verb “gusta” stays the same because the subject, “el café” (the coffee), is singular. It’s the indirect object pronoun (me, te, le) that changes based on the person who likes something.
- Conjugation Depends on the Subject (Thing Liked):• The conjugation of “gustar” is driven by whether the thing being liked is singular or plural, or if it’s a verb (activity).
• Since the subject is often singular (one thing or one action), “gusta” remains unchanged in many sentences.
Example:
• “Me gusta la música” (I like music) → Music is singular, so we use “gusta.” • “Me gustan las canciones” (I like the songs) → Songs are plural, so we use “gustan.”
In short, “gusta” usually stays the same because it reflects the thing that is liked, and many sentences involve singular subjects or actions. When the subject is plural, it changes to “gustan.”
Why does gusta never change? And where does the word gusta come from (derive). What does the word mean?
It’s a special verb
The verb “gusta” in Spanish comes from the verb “gustar,” which means “to be pleasing” or “to like.” Unlike typical verbs, “gustar” is conjugated based on the thing or things that are liked, rather than the person doing the liking. This is why “gusta” often doesn’t seem to change in many situations. Let’s break it down:
- How “Gustar” Works:• In Spanish, the structure for expressing likes is different than in English. Instead of saying “I like something,” you are saying “something pleases me” or “something is pleasing to me.”
• The thing that pleases (the subject) dictates how “gustar” is conjugated. - Singular or Plural Subject:• “Gusta” is used when the subject is singular or an action (verb):
• “Me gusta el libro” = “I like the book” (Literally: “The book pleases me”).
• “Me gusta correr” = “I like to run” (Literally: “Running pleases me”).
• “Gustan” is used when the subject is plural:
• “Me gustan los libros” = “I like the books” (Literally: “The books please me”). - Why “Gusta” Doesn’t Change for the Subject:• “Gusta” doesn’t change to reflect who is doing the liking (the person), because the person is indicated by indirect object pronouns like me (to me), te (to you), le (to him/her), etc.
• “Me gusta el café” = “I like coffee.”
• “Te gusta el café” = “You like coffee.”
• “Le gusta el café” = “He/She likes coffee.”
In all these examples, the verb “gusta” stays the same because the subject, “el café” (the coffee), is singular. It’s the indirect object pronoun (me, te, le) that changes based on the person who likes something.
- Conjugation Depends on the Subject (Thing Liked):• The conjugation of “gustar” is driven by whether the thing being liked is singular or plural, or if it’s a verb (activity).
• Since the subject is often singular (one thing or one action), “gusta” remains unchanged in many sentences.
Example:
• “Me gusta la música” (I like music) → Music is singular, so we use “gusta.” • “Me gustan las canciones” (I like the songs) → Songs are plural, so we use “gustan.”
In short, “gusta” usually stays the same because it reflects the thing that is liked, and many sentences involve singular subjects or actions. When the subject is plural, it changes to “gustan.”
Explain difference between cuánto and cuánta
In Spanish, cuánto and cuánta are interrogative or exclamatory words used to ask or express quantity, but their forms depend on the gender of the noun they refer to:
• Cuánto is used with masculine nouns. For example: • ¿Cuánto dinero tienes? (How much money do you have?) • ¡Cuánto trabajo tienes! (How much work you have!) • Cuánta is used with feminine nouns. For example: • ¿Cuánta agua necesitas? (How much water do you need?) • ¡Cuánta paciencia tienes! (How much patience you have!)
Both words agree in gender with the noun they modify.
