General VET Health

Question 1

components of medical terminology

Answer 1

root- gives essential meaning of word
suffix- word ending
prefix- beginning of term
combining vowel- connects roots and suffixes

Question 2

Anatomy

Answer 2

cutting up of the human body to determine and view body structures

Question 3

Physiology

Answer 3

study of body functioning

Question 4

Pathology

Answer 4

study of disease/ conditions

Question 5

metabolism

Answer 5

relates to the total number of all chemical reactions occurring in an organism

Question 6

homeostatis

Answer 6

the condition of a relatively stable internal environment, maintained within narrow limits, in the face of external change.

Question 7

negative feedback loop

Answer 7

a reaction in which the system responds to produce change in the opposite direction to the stimulus –> maintainence e.g- body temp to high = system will bring it down

Question 8

positive feedback loop

Answer 8

a reaction in which the system responds to produce a change in the same direction of the stimuli –> amplifying e.g- pressure on cervix= want it to open more

Question 9

prokaryotic cells

Answer 9

simplest cellular organism, single celled

Question 10

eukaryotic cells

Answer 10

more complex, multi cellular

Question 11

function of nucleus

Answer 11

hold DNA that controls cellular functions

Question 12

function of mitocondria

Answer 12

provides energy in the form of ATP for aerobic cellular respiration

Question 13

functions of the cytoplasm

Answer 13

helps maintain shape of the cell and is where chemical reaction take place

Question 14

function of cell membrane

Answer 14

controls the inputs and outputs of the cells

Question 15

specialized cells

Answer 15

cells have different structures that allow for them to have specialised functions

Question 16

RBC- function and structure

Answer 16

carry o2 around the body/ contains haemoglobin to join with oxygen. + large surface area to increase diffusion

Question 17

Nerve cells- structure and function

Answer 17

to carry nerve impulses around the body/ long + have connections at each end

Question 18

egg cell

Answer 18

join with male cell and provides food to the new cell that is being formed/ large and contains lots of cytoplasm

Question 19

sperm cell

Answer 19

to reach female egg cell and join with it/ long tail for swimming, head for getting into female egg cell

Question 20

transport in cells- gaseous exchange

Answer 20

diffusion/ passage of molecules inc. o2 co2, nutrients, salts from high concentration to a low concentration/ passive

Question 21

transport in cells- osmosis

Answer 21

only in water/ passive- does not require energy/ water moves down the concentration gradient

Question 22

transport in cells- active transport

Answer 22

requires energy b/c going against the concentration gradient/ low to high

Question 23

diffusion –> adaptations

Answer 23

rate of diffusion increases with a larger surface area.
nephron (kidney) - water, ions, glucose
alveolus (lungs)- O2, CO2
Villi (small intestine)- fatty acids and glycerol

Question 24

tissues

Answer 24

large number of the same cell type
they are categorized by size, shape, function
connective, epithelial, muscle, nervous

Question 25

muscle tissue -> structure, function, location, examples/types

Answer 25

structure -> ability to contract and relax

function -> control movement of oxygen, blood, nutrients, calcium, waste
-> controlling body movements

location/types -> smooth, cardiac, skeletal

Question 26

connective tissue -> structure, function, location, examples/types

Answer 26

structure -> most contain fibrous strands, contain fluid component

function -> support internal organs (help hold in place)

• > transport of substances
• > protection
• > insulation

location/types -> found between different tissues and organs, types include blood, bone, adipose, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, fascia

Question 27

epithelial tissue -> structure, function, location, examples/types

Answer 27

structure -> large sheets of continuous cells

function -> protection (lines organs and external surfaces), secretion of substances, absorption (e.g. of nutrients)

location -> body surface, body cavity + internal organs (lining), glands, examples include skin

types -> squamous (simple and stratified)
cuboidal (simple and stratified)
columnar (simple, stratified,
pseudostratified)

Question 28

nervous tissue -> structure, function, location, examples/types

Answer 28

structure -> 3 principle parts (dendrite, axon, cell body)

function -> communication, provide sensory information, sends motor signals to specific organs/tissues to control cellular functions

locations -> CNS, PNS

types/examples -> neurons, gila