General Vertebrate Study Packet Flashcards by Casey Johnson

For toxicity by oral exposure, a dose lethal to 100% of the animals tested is referred to as:
A. LDL0
B. LD100
C. LCL0
D. LC100

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Tor toxicity by inhalation exposure, the lowest dose reported to be lethal to an animal is referred to as:
A. LDL0
B. LD100
C. TCL0
D. LCL0

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For toxicity by inhalation exposure, the lowest concentration, for any given period of time, reported to produce any toxic effect is referred to as:
A. LDL0
B. MLD
C. LCL0
D. TCL0

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For toxicity by oral exposure, a dose lethal to 50% of the animal tested is referred to as:
A. LD50
B. LC50
C. MLD
D. None of the above

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For toxicity by inhalation exposure, a dose lethal to 50% of the animal tested is referred to as:
A. LD50
B. LC50
C. MLD
D. None of the above

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(True or False)

MLD and LDL0 have the same meaning.

True

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Acrolein
A. Originally developed as an aquatic herbicide.
B. Can be used as a burrow fumigant for ground squirrels.
C. At low doses, irritates the treat and eyes, serving as a warning agent.
D. Skin contact causes chemical burns in humans.
E. b. and c. are correct
F. All of the above

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Aluminum Phosphide:
A. A fumigant for certain burrowing rodents and moles
B. Crystals react with atmospheric moisture to release phosphine gas (PH3)
C. Not very toxic to humans
D. Causes internal hemorrhaging
E. a. and b. are correct
F. b. and c. are correct
G. All of the above

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(True or False)
A first generation anticoagulant are also referred to as “single feed” anticoagulants since a lethal dose is received in one feeding.

False (First generation anticoagulants are multi feed baits; 2nd generation is the the single feed.)

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Bromadiolone, brodifacoum, and difethialone are:
A. Burrow fumigants
B. 2nd generation anticoagulants
C. repellants used to protect new growth on shrubs and trees
D. 1st generation anticoagulants

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(True or False)

Warfarin, pindone, caumafuryl and valone are 1st generation anticoagulants.

True

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What was the first anticoagulant insecticide?
A. Difethialone
B. Pindone
C. Valone
D. Warfarin

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Why do anticoagulants have such low susceptibility to bait shyness?
A. They are very palatable
B. They effects are not seen immediately so rodents don’t know the source of their illness.
C. The rodents die before they are able to warn others
D. The AI affects the circulatory system; it is the nervous system affecting AI that cause irritation in rodents that produces bait shyness.

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What is the antidote for an anticoagulant poisoning?
A. PIP-50
B. Vitamin K1
C. Calcium
D. There is no antidote

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Bromadiolone:
A. A fumigant for certain burrowing rodents and moles
B. Crystals react with atmospheric moisture to release phosphine gas (PH3)
C. Not very toxic to humans
D. Causes internal hemorrhaging
E. a. and b. are correct
F. b. and c. are correct
G. All of the above

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\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a bird management chemical registered for use as a flock frightening agent.  Affected birds emit distress cries and/or perform visual displays that often frighten the other birds in the flock causing them to leave.
A. Bone tar oil
B. Capsaicin
C. Avitrol
D. Magnacide

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is an area (odor) repellent to protect trees, shrubs, and other plant material from deer.
A. Bone tar oil
B. Capsaicin
C. Avitrol
D. Magnicide

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the material that makes peppers hot. As an irritant to the skin, eyes, and other tissues, it is a repellant used to protect ornamental trees, shrubs, dormant fruit and nut trees, and nursery stock from deer, rabbits, and meadow and pine mice.
A. Bone and tar oil
B. Capsaicin
C. Avitrol
D. Magnicide

(True or False)

In most bird species, a lethal does of Avitrol is necessary to produce the desired distress behavior.

True

Bromethalin:
A. A single-dose rodenticide developed for the control of Norway rats, roof rats, and house mice
B. Attacks the mitochondria
C. Is a bird control product coated on grains developed for control of pigeons, starlings, and other problem birds.
D. is water soluble
E. c. and d. are correct
F. a. and b. are correct
G. None of the above

(True or False)

Alpha-Chloralose is a pesticide used to immobilize waterfowl, coots, and pigeons.

False (it is not registered as a pesticide, but rather as a drug)

Chloropicrin:
A. Registered as a drug; not a pesticide
B. Widely used in Chemical warfare (tear gas) from 1916 to 1918
C. Fumigant for controlling rats and mice in structures or burrows
D. may drive rodents away before they receive a lethal dose
E. b. and c.
F. b. and d.
G. b., c. and d.
h. all of the above

Select the INCORRECT statement

Cholecalciferol:
A. can be a single-dose or a multiple-dose rodenticide
B. causes mobilization of calcium from the bone matrix to plasma
C. victims die from hypercalcemia
D. Rodents typically die within 48 hours of receiving a lethal dose.
E. Once a lethal dose has been ingested, all food intake ceases.

(True or False)
Denatonium Saccharide is an extremely bitter and vile tasting liquid that helps prevent animals from feeding or gnawing on any given surface.

True

(True or False) Egg Solids, Putrescent is used in Deer-Away - A repellant concentrate that is highly toxic in its concentrated form and must be heavily diluted before application.

False

Fatty Acids: A. used as a repellant for deer and rabbits B. used as a mixing agent to help certain mixtures mix better to reduce the amount of agitation needed C. common in many baits to make the bait more palatable D. Non or the above

Fenthion: A. In pure form is a white powdery substance B. Organophosphate that is easily absorbed through the skin and is used as a contact treatment for birds. C. Insoluble in liquids so requires constant agitation in spray tank D. All of the above

Gas cartridges: A. have been proven to be one of the most effective control devises for burrowing rodents B. are typically made of cardboard or paper and are ignited with a fuse. C. can be reloaded and used several times D. a. and b.

(True or False) Methyl Anthranilate is a food flavoring that is commonly found in human and live stock food, but for some reason is highly repellant to birds.

True

(True or False) The use of Methyl Bromide has been highly scrutinized because it kills the rodent in the burrow, but but is a repellant to the fleas that have been on the rodent causing them to relocate- this has caused the spread of diseases such as the plague.

False (Methyl Bromide has found to not only kill the rodent, but the fleas in the burrow as well)

(True or False) | Naphthalene has long been used as a fumigant and repellant for cloth moths.

True

Red Squill: A. Used in treating Norway rats B. Often referred to as the sea onion C. since it absorbs water from the atmousphere, the power will cake or harden if exposed to the air D. is susceptible to cause bait shyness if a lethal doss is not consumed at first feeding. E. All of the above

(True or False) | Sodium Cyanide is used in devices that force the product into the mouth of coyotes.

True

Sodium Fluoroacetate: A. worn in bladders on the necks of livestock to kill predators that try to kill the livestock B. derived from a West African poisonous plant called ratsbane C. symptoms may appear in 15-45 minutes and usually within 24 hours D. All of the above

(True or False) | Starlicide is a slow acting bird bait that apparently brings about a painless death in birds and mammal species.

True

(True or False) | The use of Strychnine has been banned from use.

False

``` Thiram: A. Is a fungicide B. Is a repellant to protect plants from deer, rabbits, rodents, and moles C. Can cause skin irritation D. All of the above ```

``` Zinc Phosphide: A. Releases toxic gases when it comes in contact with stomach acid B. Should be kept dry C. Usually causes death over night D. Has a garlic like odor E. All of the above ```

Ziram: A. Used as a rabbit repellant B. Is used on poisoned grain for bird control C. Used as a burrow fumigant for gophers, ground squirrels, and occasionally even fox and coyote dens. D. Organophosphate used for contact control of birds