General Test 2 Flashcards
1
Q
name 3 accessory organs of the GI tract
A
gallbladder, spleen and liver
2
Q
what is a muscular ring located between the stomach and the small intestine
A
pyloric spincher
3
Q
when the gallbladder contracts, bile is ejected into the
A
cystic duct
4
Q
bile is produced in the
and stored in the
A
liver
gallbladder
5
Q
the union of the cystic duct and the hepatic duct form the
A
common bile duct
6
Q
bile and pancreatic enzymes are released through this opening into the duodenum
A
ampulla of vater
7
Q
an incision made for a cholecystectomy would be
A
R subcostal/ R paramedian
8
Q
what is the name of the x-ray performed during a cholecystectomy to identify any stones in the common bile duct
A
intra operative choliangiogram
9
Q
name the dye used during a choliangiogram
A
hypaque
10
Q
if a laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed, and operative cholangiogram cannot be done
A
false
11
Q
what is a oschner trocar used for
A
deflate gallbladder
12
Q
a forcep used to remove stones during biliary surgery is called
A
randall stone forcep
13
Q
a choledochotomy is a
A
incision to drain common bile duct get stones out
14
Q
what is the largest organ in the abdominal cavity
A
liver
15
Q
the main digestive function of the liver is to produce
A
bile
16
Q
glissons capsule covers what organ
A
liver
17
Q
name 2 functions of the spleen
A
filter for blood, fight certain kinds of bacteria
18
Q
name the operation where the spleen is removed
A
splenectomy
19
Q
name the incision used for splenectomy
A
upper midline
20
Q
why would a splenectomy be performed
A
trauma, hodgkin, tumor, cyst
21
Q
what must be readily available when the peritoneum is entered
A
lap sponges
22
Q
where are the islets of langerhans located and what are their functions
A
pancreas maintain blood sugar level
23
Q
a whipple procedure includes surgery on what organs
A
head pancreas, distal 1/3 stomach, duodenum, prox 10cm jejunum, gallbladder, cystic duct,
24
Q
what is the technical name for a whipple procedure
A
pancreaticoduodenectomy
25
name the procedure done to correct intrahepatic obstruction
portacaval shunt
26
name the biopsy needle used for liver biopsy
silverman, tru cut
27
regarding surgery on the liver
- what type of suture material is normally used
- what type of needle is used
- chromic
| - keith blunt
28
define cholelithiasis
formation of gallstones
29
what instrument is usually used to grasp the mass/tumor during a breast biopsy
allis
30
how is a frozen section sent to the lab during a breast biopsy
in a dry container
31
describe the procedure "needle localization"
radiology, fine wire in mass
32
name a type of breast surgery which could be performed for a benign breast tumore
lumpectomy/ simple mastectomy
33
name the breast procedure which removes the entire breast and axillary contents, but preserves the pectoral muscle
modified radical mastectomy
34
why is it important perform the surgical prep gently for a mastectomy
decrease spread possible cancer cells
35
describe the prep parameters for a modified radical mastectomy
neck down to umbilicus, axillary to umbilicus
36
what type of irrigation is used during a mastectomy
sterile water
37
name the 2 nerves which must be identified and preserved
thoracodorsal, long thoracic
38
what type of drain is normally used after a mastectomy
JP/ hemovac
39
name the pathological enlargement of the male breast
gynecomatia
40
what type of set-up pack would you use for a vein stripping to allow for adequate draping of the surgical site
universal drape pack
41
name the large vein which is often removed during a vein stripping
greater saphenous
42
following a vein stripping why are the legs wrapped with elastic wrap
for compression dressing
43
the thyroid gland has how many lobes
2
44
the vocal cords are located in the
larynx
45
the larynx is located between the
pharynx and the trachea
46
what would be used in positioning for a thyroidectomy
shoulder roll
47
why is shoulder roll used
hyper extend neck for better exposure
48
what wound drainage system is preferred for a radical neck dissection
jackson pratt
49
how many parathyroid glands does a person have
4
50
name the instrument used during a tracheostomy that is used to pull the trachea close to the surface before inserting the trach tube
jackson tracheal hook
51
what must always be sent with the patient to the PACU following a tracheostomy
obturator
52
where are the parotid glands located
upper neck lateral front of ear
53
define the laryngoscopy
direct visual exam of interior of larynx, using rigid largnoscope lighted scope
54
define microlaryngoscopy
same as laryngoscopy but with micoscope
55
would you find osteotomes, mallet, rongeurs and elevators on a set up for a total laryngoscopy
yes
56
a tracheostomy incision is made
below the carotid cartilage
57
the tracheostomy tube is held in place with
suture and cloth tape
58
a nerve stimultaor would be found on a set up for what
parathyroidectomy, thyroidectomy
59
name 3 structures that would be resected during a radical neck dissection
sternoclidomastoid muscle
internal jugular vein
submandibular gland
60
what nerve is identified and preserved ruing a thyroidectomy
recurrent laryngeal nerve
61
what is a possible post-op complication following a thyroidectomy
swelling
62
bowel obstruction is
anything that interrupts flow of contents
63
80% if intestinal obstructions are found in
small bowel
64
polyps can be what
malignant or non malignant
65
when anastomosis is completed, set aside a back table or hand off do not touch agin
bowl technique
66
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wound management and classifications
class ll
class lll
class lv
```
controlled spillage
non controlled spillage
frank pus/infection
67
excision of congenital duct occurring at the umbilicus
meckels diverticulectomy .
68
lesions which completely obliterate the intestinal lumen
atresia
69
narrowing or partial onliteration
stenosis
70
telescopic invagination of a portion of intestine into an adjacent part
reduction of itrussusceptiom
71
lack of peristalsis due to absence of ganglion cell in distal bowl-may affect entire colon
hirschsprung disease
72
mobilization of a loop of colon thru a right rectus incision to expose the transverse colon
colostomy
73
bridge is sutured to the skin with non absorb able sure on a cutting needle
stoma is matured within 24 hours
closed bowel loop
74
bowel edge may be clamped for 12 hours or immediately suture to the skin using a absorbabale suture with a tapercut needle
open bowel loop
75
rest bowel following colon resections gives suture line time to heal
temporary colostomy
76
loop of colon is brought thru insicion made on left side of midline
first stage loop colostomy
77
after 48 hours loop of colon is opened with cautery- painless, done in patient room or treatment room
second stage loop colostomy
78
most common type of permanent colostomy
sigmoid colostomy
79
re-establish internal intestinal continuity with repair of abdominal wall
colostomy closure
80
types of large bowel resections
| - resection of the right half of the colon with creation of an ileostomy
right hemicolectomy and ileocolostomy
81
excision of the transverse colon thru an upper midline or transverse inscsion
transverse colectomy
82
removal of lower sigmoid colon and proximal 2/3 ofrectum (end to end anastomosis)
low anterior resection of sigmoid colon
83
excision of rectum and portion of sigmoid colon thru both and abdominal and perineal approach
abdominoperineal rescetion miles resection
84
incision into common bile duct removes stones
choledochtomy
85
terms
-bile
common bile duct
gallbladder
chole
choledoch
cholecyst
86
connects gallbladder to duodenum to relieve obstructions in distal end of cbd
cholecystoduodenuostomy
87
connects gb to jejunum
cholecystojejunostomy
88
connects cbd to duodenum
choledochoduodenostomy
89
connects cbd to jejunum
choledochojejunosotomy
90
implantation of a donor pancreas for patients with type 1 diabetes
pancreatic transplantation
91
blunt of penetrating abdominal trauma
repair of liver laceration
92
high blood pressure in the portal vein system
| treatment portosystemic shunts
portal hypertension
93
done for end stage liver disease
liver transplantation
94
done to determine presence of cancer
| frozen section usually done
breast biopsy
95
done to determine if cancer has spread to any axillary lymph nodes
sentinal node biopsy
96
injected 1 hour prior in radiology/ nuclear medicine dept
radioactive isotope
97
injected in the operating room (massaged for 5 minutes to allow dye to enter lymph nodes)
isosulfan dye
98
removal of axillary noes thru incision to axilla
| both thoracic and thorococodrsal nerves are identified and preserved
axillary node dissection
99
removal of mass with at least 1 in margin of surrounding tissue done to control spread of breast cancer
lumpectomy- segmental
100
removal of all breast tissue only leaving overlying skin and nipple intact some lymph nodes may be removed
subcutaneous mastectomy
101
removal of entire breast no lymph dissection
simple (total) mastectomy
102
removal of breast and all axillary contents including
| axillary lymph nodes, pectoral, superior apical, pectoral muscle is let intact
modified radical mastectomy
103
removal of entire breast pectoralis major and minor, fascia, axillary nodes and adjacent tissue
radical mastectomy
104
if removal all glands from thyroid what will happen
tetany
105
most common congenital cyst found in neck
cystic pouch is attached to hyoid bone
often found in children
thyroglossal duct cystectomy
