General Terminology Flashcards
Macroclimate
Climate of entire region
Mesoclimate
Climate of vineyard
Microclimate
Climate of specific vine
Continental Climate
Strong annual variation in temperature due to lack of proximity to significant bodies of water.
Maritime Climate
Influenced by large body of water such as sea or ocean. Mild temp but fluctuations year to year causing vintage variation
Mediterranean Climate
Summers are hot and dry, aside from immediate coastal areas. Along coasts, summers are mild but storms can also result as a consequence
High Desert Climate
Summers are generally hot and dry. Daytime temps are high, but dramatic drops are often experienced overnight
Diurnal shifts
Difference between daytime high and nighttime low. Important for the ripening of grapes and balancing acid and sugar
3 Climate Threats
Frost or Freeze
Hail
Strong winds
Rain Shadow
Dry area on one side of a mountain opposite the wind, rain and generally poor weather.
Wind
Wind can cool a growing region (if originating from over cool ocean waters) or lend warmth and drier air (if originating from a desert), helping prevent mold or rot.
Aspect
Slopes facing the sun during much of the day are the warmest and those facing away are coolest. Either is desirable, whether the desired goal is ripening or retention of acidity.
3 Important Properties of Soil
Drainage of water
Water retention
Sun reflection
8 Main Types of Soil
Granite Limestone/chalk Marl Schist Clay Sand Silt Gravel
Tannins
Lend structure, but also astringency
