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Clinical Skills > General Survey, Vital Signs, & Pain > Flashcards

General Survey, Vital Signs, & Pain Flashcards

1
Q

What things might manipulate temperature?

A

time of day
recent exposures
smoking prior to measurement
technique
medications

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2
Q

Where is the “gold standard” location for checking a temperature?

A

Pulmonary Artery

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3
Q

List the locations of measuring temperatures in order from hottest to coldest.

A

Ear (Tympanic)
Butt (Rectal)
Mouth (Oral)
Head (Temporal)
Arms (Axillary)

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4
Q

Rectal temperature comparison

A

higher than oral by an average of 0.4 to 0.5C

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5
Q

Tympanic temperature comparison

A

higher than oral by 0.8C
more variable than oral or rectal

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6
Q

Oral temperature comparison

A

lower than core body and rectal by 0.4 to 0.5C

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7
Q

Axillary temperature comparison

A

lower than oral by 1.0C

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8
Q

Temporal temperature comparison

A

lower than oral by 0.3 to 0.6C

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9
Q

What BMI range is considered overweight?

A

25 - 29

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10
Q

What BMI range is considered obese?

A

30+

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11
Q

Define weight loss in medical terms.

A

unintentional loss of 5% or more of your total body weight over the course of 6 months

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12
Q

What BMI range is considered healthy?

A

18.5 - 24.9

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13
Q

What BMI range is considered underweight?

A

below 18.5

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14
Q

What waist circumference is associated with an increased risk of hypertension, diabetes, and coronary artery disease?

A

35+ inches (women)
40+ inches (men)

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15
Q

What is white coat syndrome? (Iatrophobia)

A

office pressure shows hypertension but typically their pressures are normal
- affects 20% of people

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16
Q

What is masked hypertension?

A

office pressures are normal but normal pressures are hypertensive

17
Q

What is the appropriate bladder width of a blood pressure cuff?

A

greater than or equal to 40% of mid-arm circumference

18
Q

What is the appropriate bladder length of blood pressure cuff?

A

80-100% of arm circumference

19
Q

What happens if your blood pressure cuff is too narrow?

A

false elevated pressure

20
Q

What happens if your blood pressure cuff is too wide?

A

false low pressure in a small arm
false high in a large arm

21
Q

What are the name of the sounds you hear while auscultating a blood pressure?

A

Korotkoff sound

22
Q

What artery do you auscultate when taking a thigh blood pressure?

A

popliteal artery

23
Q

What blood pressure is considered normal?

A

120
80 or less

24
Q

What range is considered an elevated blood pressure?

A

120-129
80 or less

25
Q

Stage 1 hypertension

A

130-139
80-89

26
Q

Stage 2 hypertension

A

140 or more
90 or more

27
Q

What is orthostatic hypertension?

A

drop in systolic pressure of 20mmHg
drop in diastolic pressure of 10mmHg
(all within 3 minutes of standing)

28
Q

How long does chronic pain last for?

A

3 - 6 months or more
one month beyond the course of acute illness or injury
recurring at intervals of months or years

29
Q

Pain linked to tissue damage of skin, musculoskeletal system, or viscera.

A

nociceptive (somatic)

30
Q

Consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system. Described as burning, stabbing, or pins & needles

A

neuropathic pain

31
Q

Involves many factors that influence how the patient reports pain. Anxiety, depression, personality, coping style, cultural norms, stress, and social support.

A

psychogenic pain

32
Q

Pain without an identified etiology

A

idiopathic pain

33
Q

Mnemonic for assessing pain?

A

Onset
Provocation
Quality
Radiation
Severity
Timing

34
Q

How much have the prescriptions of some opioids increased in the past decade?

A

More than 800%

35
Q

Risk of overdose death rate is directly related to what?

A

prescribed maximum daily dose

36
Q

Risk factors for fatal overdose

A

Age 65+
Depression
Substance abuse history
Concurrent benzodiazepine

37
Q

Examples of health disparities in pain management

A

Clinician stereotypes
Language barriers
Unconscious bias
Self-reflection
Awareness

Clinical Skills (1 decks)

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