general study guide 2 Flashcards by gary sullivan

How many Domaines are in Burgundy?

As of 2013: 3,949

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How many Negociant firms are there in Burgundy?

As of 2013: 300

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How many Co-operatives are there in Burgundy?

As of 2013: 19

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When did Phylloxera hit Burgundy?

1874 - Morgon, Beaujolais
1878 - Meursault
1887 - Chablis

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What vine malady is fought with carbon-disulfide?

Phylloxera

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Which part of Burgundy was the last to replant after Phylloxera?

The Grand Crus
Vignerons feared that the scions of American root stocks would be inferior in quality.
Romanee Conti was not replanted until 1945

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What is “en foule”

French term - In a crowd

refers to provignage or layering gobelet trained vines

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Which direction are most vines planted in Burgundy?

Most are East - West orientations.
Up slope rather than parallel.
Notable exceptions include La Romanee, Clos de Lambrays, Clos de Tart

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What is an enjambeurs?

high clearence tractor

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What vine spacing is most common in Burgundy?

1 x 1 meter spacing or 10,000 vines per HA

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What is Court-Noue?

grapevine fanleaf virus

Also called roncet

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Why are the soils of Burgundy high in active lime?

when a tractor drives over surface stone, they release limestone dust, which then dissolves into calcium carbonate

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What issue does V. Riparia rootstocks have in Burgundy?

Low tolerance to active lime.

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What is Pinot Droit and Pinot Fin?

Pinot Droit is a high yielding, upright vine

Pinot Fin is a lower yielding vine that delivers more concentrated juice.

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What wine-making practice is Guy Accad famously associated with?

Cold Maceration
potential benefits include
1. extracting color
2. less astringent tannin
3. enhances development of fruit aromas

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How much abv % accumulates during Carbonic Maceration?

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Is it illegal to chaptalize and acidify the same wine in Burgundy?

yes, but it does occur.

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What are the 3 controlled appellations of Chablis?

Petit Chablis AOP
Chablis AOP
Chablis Grand Cru AOP

Who is the favored cooperage of the Cote d’Or?

Francois Freres

What is the standard time in oak for Burgundy white and red wines?

Typically
White = 1 year
Red = 15 to 18 months

What is the preferred toast levels for most Burgundy?

rarely higher than medium.

Joseph Roty is a notable exception in Gevrey. He is an ardent fan of high toast oak.

What is the current trend for oak usage in white wine production?

Moving towards larger barrels - 350 and 400 liter barrels
Pierre Yves Colin-Morey
Henri Boillot

What is a feuillettes?

A 132 liter barrel.

An official unit of measurement in Chablis, but rarely used, or even made any more.

What is typical for oak usage in terms of Burgundy AOPs

Bougogne AOP = 0 - 10%
Village AOP = 0 - 25%
Premier Cru = 25 - 50 %
Grand Cru = 50 - 100%

In theory - oak level increases as the quality of the wine increases. Higher quality wines can absorb more new wood?

What is a Chaufferettes?

A diesel burning smudge pot designed to heat vines at night and combat frost. First appeared in Chablis in the 1950s.

How many HA are classified as Grand Cru in Chablis?

100 HA

What is the min abv % for Chablis Grand Cru?

11 %

What is the maximum yield for Chablis Grand Cru?

54 HA / HL

What are the seven official geographic designations Chablis Grand Cru from North to South?

``` Bougros Preuses (La Moutonne shared) Vaudesir (La Moutonne shared) Les Grenouilles Valmur Les Clos Blanchot ```

How are the Chablis Premier Crus broken down?

40 named Climats grouped into 17 major Premier Crus Frequently used names that have traction in the market are used more frequently

How large are Vaillons and Fouchaume?

100 HA

Right Bank Premier Crus of Chablis?

Montee de Tonerre - south facing and considered best Mont de Milieu Fourchaume Les Founeaux Vaucopain Berdiot

Left Bank Premier Crus of Chablis?

most important Vaillons Montmains vosgros Vau Lignau Vau de Vey Les Beauregards

What is the difference between Left bank and Right bank Premier Crus in Chablis?

More restraint in the Left Bank wines | More opulence and exotic fruit notes in Right bank wines

What is the style of Chablis Premier Cru? In general

``` steely elevated acidity leesy character austere lemon and orchard fruit subtle oxidation medium weight ```

Does most Chablis go through malo-lactic fermentation?

yes.

What is Grand Cru Chablis like?

Rich & Broad resembles fine wine from Cote d'Or rather than classic Chablis Usually a small to significant amount of new wood is used for aging.

Quality Chablis producers?

``` Raveneau Vincent Dauvissat Christian Moreau William Fevre Jean Paul & Benoit Droin Louis Michel Jean Collet Faively's Billaud-Simon Laurent Tribut Gilbert Picq Patrick Piuze Pattes Loup ```

What 2 villages have significant vineyard land planted east of D974?

Gevrey-Chambertin | Chorey Les Beaune

What is another name for Dijon clones?

Bernard clones named after Raymond Barnard. selected for disease resistance, and tendency to form smaller bunches and berries.

Whole cluster fermentation? Why?

Achieves more aeration, and cooler fermentation temperature. Lighter color light carbonic notes and more firm tannin in final wine Partial Carbonic can acheive some of the same high toned aromas without risking green tannins that unripe stems can give.

What is subtractive must enrichment?

Using reverse osmosis to remove water, therefore enriching the must. Legalized in 2009

What is subtractive must enrichment?

Using reverse osmosis to remove water, therefore enriching the must. Legalized in 2009 - maximum factor of 10 %

Is acidification common in Burgundy?

Not as much as it once was. During the 80 and 90s, there was a lot of potassium in the soil which raised ph levels in wine. Now, with the current trend towards organics, potassium levels in the soil are much more natural so it does not happen as much. Despite warmer vintages.