General Structure Analysis Normals

Question 1

sella turcica A-P range

Answer 1

5-16mm

Question 2

sella turcica A-P avg

Answer 2

11 mm

Question 3

sella turcica S-I range

Answer 3

4-12mm

Question 4

sella turcica S-I avg

Answer 4

8 mm

Question 5

sella turcica indicates

Answer 5

enlargement/ space occupying lesion of the pituitary

Question 6

ADI normal adult range

Answer 6

1-3 mm

Question 7

ADI normal child range

Answer 7

3-5 mm

Question 8

ADI measurement indicates

Answer 8

instability between atlas and axis b/c instability of transverse lig

Question 9

cause of enlarged ADI children

Answer 9

infection

Question 10

cause of enlarged ADI adults

Answer 10

RA

Question 11

where is George’s line drawn

Answer 11

along posterior aspect of vert bodies to observe the cervical curve

Question 12

where is the posterior cervical line drawn

Answer 12

on the most convex portion of the spinolaminar junction lines

Question 13

what is happening when you measure the sagittal dimensions of the spinal canal
what does it indicate

Answer 13

measure between george’s line and the posterior cervical line
space occupying lesion

Question 14

cervical levels of retropharyngeal interspace

Answer 14

C1-C3

Question 15

cervical levels of retrolaryngeal interspace

Answer 15

C4-C5

Question 16

cervical levels of retrotracheal interspace

Answer 16

C6-7

Question 17

measurements of retropharyngeal interspace

Answer 17

not > 7mm

Question 18

measurements of retrotracheal interspace

Answer 18

not > 22mm

Question 19

how is the basilar angle drawn

Answer 19

from frontal/nasal junction to center of sella turcica

from sella to anterior aspect of foramen magnum

Question 20

normal range for basilar angle

Answer 20

123-152 degrees

Question 21

> 152 indicates what for basilar angle

Answer 21

platybasia

Question 22

how is Mcgregor’s line drawn

Answer 22

draw from superior/posterior aspect of hard palate to inferior most aspect of the occiput. measure of dens above the line

Question 23

normals of McGregor’s line males

Answer 23

not > 8 mm if it is = platybasia

Question 24

normals of McGregor’s line females

Answer 24

not > 10mm if it is = platybasia

Question 25

how is chamberlains line drawn

Answer 25

from posterior aspect of the hard palate to post aspect of foramen mag measure amt DENS over the line

Question 26

normal for Chamberlain's

Answer 26

not >3 mm anything greater is platybasia

Question 27

Macrae's line drawn

Answer 27

ant aspect of foramen mag to post aspect foramen mag | perpendicular line from dens to the line drawn

Question 28

normal for Mac rae

Answer 28

occipital bone should extend below the line if not= platybasia. apex of DENS ant 1/4 of foramen mag if not = fracture dens

Question 29

cobb/lipman normals 0-20 degrees

Answer 29

observe for progess

Question 30

cobb/lipman normals 20-40

Answer 30

bracing

Question 31

cobb/lipman normals >40

Answer 31

sx

Question 32

Cervical Lordosis normal

Answer 32

35-45 avg=40

Question 33

thoracic kyphosis

Answer 33

angles vary by age angles increase with age angles increase more rapidly in females

Question 34

lumbar lordosis

Answer 34

50-60 degrees avg=55

Question 35

sacral inclination is drawn

Answer 35

line tangent to post aspect of S1 line parallel to side of film at sup/post aspect of SI mesasure angle

Question 36

sacral inclination normals

Answer 36

30-72 degrees avg=46

Question 37

lumbosacral angle is drawn

Answer 37

parallel line to sup vert endplate S1 | parallel line to top of the film to ant sup aspect SI

Question 38

normal for lumbosacral angle

Answer 38

26-57 degrees avg=41

Question 39

lumbosacral disc angle normals

Answer 39

10-15 | 15 facet impaction

Question 40

Ullmann's line drawn

Answer 40

parallel to sup vert endplate S1 perpendicular to 1st line at ant aspect of S1 check to see if lumbar crossed the line

Question 41

ullmann's line normal

Answer 41

if crosses= spondylolisthesis

Question 42

Meyerding grading 1-4

Answer 42

spondylolisthesis

Question 43

Meyerding grading >4

Answer 43

spondyloptosis

Question 44

Meyerding grading L5 behind last line

Answer 44

retrolisthesis

Question 45

fergusons weight is drawn

Answer 45

X across vert body of L3 | parallel to the side of the film at midpt of X

Question 46

fergusons weight normal

Answer 46

line should cross the ant 1/3 of sacral base

Question 47

tear drop distance

Answer 47

6-11 mm avg=9

Question 48

Hip joint width normal

Answer 48

sup and axial should be about 4mm or equal to ea other | medial= teardrop should be double

Question 49

shentons line

Answer 49

smooth arc

Question 50

femoral angle noraml

Answer 50

120-130

Question 51

coxa vara

Question 52

coxa valga

Answer 52

>130 degrees

Question 53

iliofemoral line

Answer 53

bilateral sym

Question 54

skinners line

Answer 54

fovea cap should be above or level with line

Question 55

kleins line

Answer 55

bi lat sym