General Senses Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Sensory receptors

A

detect changes in the external environment and the internal environment of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Stimulus

A

any form of energy change that stimulates a sensory receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

transduction

A

ability to convert energy changes in the environment into nerve impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

nociceptors

A

pain receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Exteroceptors

A

respond to stimuli in the external environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where are Exteroceptors located?

A

body surface or where they can receive an external stimulus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Examples of Exteroceptors?

A
  • touch and temp receptors (skin)
  • light receptors (retina of the eyes)
  • hearing (sound) receptors of the inner ear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Interoceptors

A

respond to stimuli in the internal environment of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where are Interoceptors located?

A

within tissues or organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

examples of Interoceptors?

A

chemical receptors and blood pressure receptors in large arteries, pressure receptors in walls of hollow organs, chemical receptors in the hypothalamus, and stretch receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Proprioceptors

A

detect the stretching of tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

respond to chemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Photoreceptors

A

respond to light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Thermoreceptors

A

respond to an increase or a decrease in temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

respond to mechanical stimul

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

General senses

A

based on receptors that are distributed throughout the body which respond to touch, pressure, temperature, vibration, or tissue stretching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Special senses

A

based on large, complex sense organs or small, localized groups of receptors in the head.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are special senses in humans?

A
  • smell (olfaction)
  • taste (gustation)
  • sight (vision)
  • hearing and balance (equilibrium)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

free nerve endings

A

Cutaneous touch receptors in humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Meissner’s corpuscles

A

mechanoreceptors for touch and light pressure

21
Q

hair follicle receptors

A

mechanoreceptors for light touch and hair movement

22
Q

Ruffini’s corpuscles

A

mechanoreceptors for deep continuous pressure

23
Q

Pacinian corpuscles

A

mechanoreceptors for deep pressure

24
Q

tonic

A

receptors that generate a high frequency of nerve impulses as long as the stimulus is present

25
phasic
receptors that decreases over time when they are continually stimulated
26
What is sensory adaptation?
when a relatively unimportant stimulus is detected for a prolonged period, the rate of receptor discharge and slows and conscious awareness of the stimulus declines or disappear
27
negative afterimages
Sensations that the subject perceived when the hands were placed in the water at room temperature
28
Referred pain
pain that is perceived to be in one area of the body when the source of the pain is actually in another area of the body
29
outer ear
consists of auricle and external acoustic meatus
30
Auricle and function
- aka pinna skin-covered cartilage that surrounds the opening of the external acoustic meatus; functions to funnel sound waves into external acoustic meatus
31
Helix
fleshy rim of the auricle
32
Lobule
fleshy “earlobe” of the auricle (which lacks cartilage)
33
External acoustic meatus and function
- aka auditory canal tube that extends from auricle to tympanic membrane - functions to conduct sound waves to the tympanic membrane
34
Tympanic membrane and function
membrane (“eardrum”) between the outer ear and middle ear - functions to vibrate in response to sound waves and transfer vibrations to auditory ossicles in the middle ear
35
Middle ear
- aka tympanic cavity - air-filled mucosa-lined cavity in temporal bone
36
Auditory ossicle
- three small articulating bones (malleus, incus, stapes) in middle ear cavity - function to transmit vibrations from tympanic membrane to the oval window
37
Malleus
auditory ossicle attached to the tympanic membrane
38
Incus
auditory ossicle between malleus and stapes
39
shapes
auditory ossicle attached to oval window
40
Pharyngotympanic tube and function
small tube that connects middle ear cavity to the throat (pharynx); functions to equalize air pressure in the middle ear cavity with the atmospheric pressure
41
Oval window
attached to stapes; located between middle ear and inner ear; functions to transmit vibrations of the stapes to the fluids (perilymph, endolymph) that fill the inner ear
42
Round window
functions to relieve excess fluid pressure in the inner ear by bulging into tympanic cavity
43
inner ear
bony labyrinth has three regions called the cochlea, semicircular canals and vestibule
44
Cochlea
spiral shaped shaped chamber with mechanoreceptors
45
Semicircular cana
three canals with hair cells that detect angular acceleration for equilibriu
46
Vestibule
cavity of the bony labyrinth between cochlea and semicircular canals
47
Utricle
has otoliths & hair cells that detect gravity & horizontal linear acceleration for equilibrium
48
Saccule
has otoliths & hair cells that detect gravity & vertical linear acceleration for equilibrium