General Senses Quiz

Question 1

Sensory receptors

Answer 1

detect changes in the external environment and the internal environment of the body.

Question 2

Stimulus

Answer 2

any form of energy change that stimulates a sensory receptor

Question 3

transduction

Answer 3

ability to convert energy changes in the environment into nerve impulses

Question 4

nociceptors

Answer 4

pain receptors

Question 5

Exteroceptors

Answer 5

respond to stimuli in the external environment

Question 6

Where are Exteroceptors located?

Answer 6

body surface or where they can receive an external stimulus.

Question 7

Examples of Exteroceptors?

Answer 7

• touch and temp receptors (skin)
• light receptors (retina of the eyes)
• hearing (sound) receptors of the inner ear

Question 8

Interoceptors

Answer 8

respond to stimuli in the internal environment of the body

Question 9

Where are Interoceptors located?

Answer 9

within tissues or organ

Question 10

examples of Interoceptors?

Answer 10

chemical receptors and blood pressure receptors in large arteries, pressure receptors in walls of hollow organs, chemical receptors in the hypothalamus, and stretch receptors

Question 11

Proprioceptors

Answer 11

detect the stretching of tissues

Question 12

Chemoreceptors

Answer 12

respond to chemicals

Question 13

Photoreceptors

Answer 13

respond to light

Question 14

Thermoreceptors

Answer 14

respond to an increase or a decrease in temperature

Question 15

Mechanoreceptors

Answer 15

respond to mechanical stimul

Question 16

General senses

Answer 16

based on receptors that are distributed throughout the body which respond to touch, pressure, temperature, vibration, or tissue stretching

Question 17

Special senses

Answer 17

based on large, complex sense organs or small, localized groups of receptors in the head.

Question 18

What are special senses in humans?

Answer 18

• smell (olfaction)
• taste (gustation)
• sight (vision)
• hearing and balance (equilibrium)

Question 19

free nerve endings

Answer 19

Cutaneous touch receptors in humans

Question 20

Meissner’s corpuscles

Answer 20

mechanoreceptors for touch and light pressure

Question 21

hair follicle receptors

Answer 21

mechanoreceptors for light touch and hair movement

Question 22

Ruffini’s corpuscles

Answer 22

mechanoreceptors for deep continuous pressure

Question 23

Pacinian corpuscles

Answer 23

mechanoreceptors for deep pressure

Question 24

tonic

Answer 24

receptors that generate a high frequency of nerve impulses as long as the stimulus is present

Question 25

phasic

Answer 25

receptors that decreases over time when they are continually stimulated

Question 26

What is sensory adaptation?

Answer 26

when a relatively unimportant stimulus is detected for a prolonged period, the rate of receptor discharge and slows and conscious awareness of the stimulus declines or disappear

Question 27

negative afterimages

Answer 27

Sensations that the subject perceived when the hands were placed in the water at room
temperature

Question 28

Referred pain

Answer 28

pain that is perceived to be in one area of the body when the source of the pain is actually in
another area of the body

Question 29

outer ear

Answer 29

consists of auricle and external acoustic meatus

Question 30

Auricle and function

Answer 30

• aka pinna
  skin-covered cartilage that surrounds the opening of the external acoustic meatus;
  functions to funnel sound waves into external acoustic meatus

Question 31

Helix

Answer 31

fleshy rim of the auricle

Question 32

Lobule

Answer 32

fleshy “earlobe” of the auricle (which lacks cartilage)

Question 33

External acoustic meatus and function

Answer 33

• aka auditory canal
  tube that extends from auricle to tympanic membrane
• functions to conduct sound waves
  to the tympanic membrane

Question 34

Tympanic membrane and function

Answer 34

membrane (“eardrum”) between the outer ear and middle ear
- functions to vibrate in
response to sound waves and transfer vibrations to auditory ossicles in the middle ear

Question 35

Middle ear

Answer 35

• aka tympanic cavity
• air-filled mucosa-lined cavity in temporal bone

Question 36

Auditory ossicle

Answer 36

• three small articulating bones (malleus, incus, stapes) in middle ear cavity
• function to
  transmit vibrations from tympanic membrane to the oval window

Question 37

Malleus

Answer 37

auditory ossicle attached to the tympanic membrane

Question 38

Incus

Answer 38

auditory ossicle between malleus and stapes

Question 39

shapes

Answer 39

auditory ossicle attached to oval window

Question 40

Pharyngotympanic tube and function

Answer 40

small tube that connects middle ear cavity to the throat (pharynx); functions to equalize air
pressure in the middle ear cavity with the atmospheric pressure

Question 41

Oval window

Answer 41

attached to stapes; located between middle ear and inner ear; functions to transmit
vibrations of the stapes to the fluids (perilymph, endolymph) that fill the inner ear

Question 42

Round window

Answer 42

functions to relieve excess fluid pressure in the inner ear by bulging into tympanic cavity

Question 43

inner ear

Answer 43

bony labyrinth has three regions called the cochlea, semicircular canals and vestibule

Question 44

Cochlea

Answer 44

spiral shaped shaped chamber with mechanoreceptors

Question 45

Semicircular cana

Answer 45

three canals with hair cells that detect angular acceleration for equilibriu

Question 46

Vestibule

Answer 46

cavity of the bony labyrinth between cochlea and semicircular canals

Question 47

Utricle

Answer 47

has otoliths & hair cells that detect gravity & horizontal linear acceleration for equilibrium

Question 48

Saccule

Answer 48

has otoliths & hair cells that detect gravity & vertical linear acceleration for equilibrium