General Science - ECOLOGY Flashcards
A feeding relationship
that proceeds from algae to
fish, then to a fisherman,
then to a shark is?
a. food chain
b. food web
c. parasitism
d. mutualism
a. food chain
Small fish when travelling looks
for protection to whales from their
predators such as sharks and other
big fish. What relationship does
this show?
a. commensalism
b. parasitism
c. competition
d. mutualism
a. commensalism
Commensalism - one benefits from the other without harming the latter.
Parasitism - one benefits at the expense of the latter.
Competition - lack of resources
Mutualism - the two different species benefit from each other
Competition for resources
between two different
species is called:
a. predation
b. interspecific competition
c. intraspecific competition
d. competitive exclusion
b. INTERspecific competition
Air pollution becomes a serious
problem when weather conditions
do not allow the polluted air to be
blown away. This happens when
warm air exists above the layer of
cool air next to the ground.
a. temperature inversion
b. air pollutants
c. smog
d. greenhouse effect
a. temperature inversion
temperature inversion - cold air, warm (inversion layer), cooler air (results in trapped smog)
greenhouse effect - trapped heat
Aerosols are ecologically
harmful because:
a. they act as irritants to the
human respiratory tract
b. they are petroleum-based
products
c. they destroy the ozone layer
d. of all the reasons given above
d. of all the reasons given above
Aerosols are ECOLOGICALLY and GENERALLY harmful.
Which of the following
statements is true about chemical
weathering?
a. the result is the same substance
as the original rock
b. the result is much smaller
fragment than the original rock
c. the result is different from the
composition of the original
rock
d. all of the above
c. the result is different from the
composition of the original
rock
chemical change - composition change
physical change - form change
Which of the following
rocks you might find in a
fossil?
a. granite
b. obsidian
c. shale
d. marble
c. shale
in sedimentary rocks like shale, limestone, and sandstone
In the Mohs’ scale of
hardness, talc is the softest
while the hardest mineral is:
a. topaz
b. corundum
c. quartz
d. diamond
d. diamond
1 - talc ……. 10 - diamond
Which of the following
does not describe extrusive
igneous rock formation?
a. fine-grained
b. glassy
c. coarse-grained
d. lava formed
c. coarse-grained
EXTRUSIVE igneous - exits the volcano and cools of quickly, becomes fine-grained and glassy
INTRUSIVE igneous - cools within the crust, large crystals, coarse grained
The first step in the
identification of a mineral is to
observe its appearance and visible
structure. Below are some physical
characteristics of minerals except
for:
a. luster
b. crystal form
c. specific gravity
d. magnetism
d. magnetism
not usually checked
Volcanism is the movement
of the earth’s magma while the
movement of the earth’s solid
part is called:
a. fault
b. earthquake
c. diastrophism
d. tsunami
c. diastrophism
earthquake - the action itself, sudden movements
The Copernican theory states
that:
a. the earth is the center of the
solar system
b. the moon is the center of the
solar system
c. the sun is the center of the
solar system
d. none of the above
c. the sun is the center of the
solar system
Ptolemy - earth is the center of the solar system
Copernicus - sun is the center of the solar system
The theory that proposes that
there is originally only one large
continent in the earth then is
called:
a. expansion theory
b. continental drift theory
c. contraction theory
d. Asiana theory
b. continental drift theory
Tectonic plates can be
described as
a. corresponding roughly to
continents
b. having been made of the
lightest materials on earth
c. moving across the earth’s
surface, causing the
surface features of the
planets to change
d. having been made from
metamorphic rocks
c. moving across the earth’s
surface, causing the
surface features of the
planets to change
In 1909, a geophysicist
discovered that 6 miles (9 km)
below the ocean floor, earthquake
waves suddenly increases in
velocity as they enter the mantle.
This rock layer forming a boundary
between the earth’s crust and
mantle is referred to as the
a. Mohorovicic discontinuity
b. outer core
c. circum-Pacific belt
d. trans-Asiatic region
a. Mohorovicic discontinuity
REMEMBER! the discon is a boundary, not a whole
The type of cloud that is
whitish sheet or veil that gives
the sky its milky appearance.
They are also responsible for
producing halo around the sun.
a. nimbus
b. altocumulus
c. cirrostratus
d. stratocumulus
c. cirrostratus
If the moon were
positioned twice as far from
the Earth as it is now, the
gravitational attraction
would be
a. twice as great
b. four times as great
c. one-fourth as great
d. one-half as great
c. one-fourth as great
gravitational attraction is getting lesser
Which of the following
does not characterize a lowpressure system?
a. Air cools as it rises.
b. Water vapor condenses
to form clouds.
c. A fine weather is
forecast.
d. Hurricanes may be
predicted.
c. a fine weather is broadcast
Which statement is true about
black holes?
a. A black hole is the ultimate
triumph of gravity.
b. Another name for black hole is
“pulsar.”
c. Small stars form black holes
and large stars form quasars.
d. Black holes release gamma rays
when they are consumed by
another star.
a. A black hole is the ultimate
triumph of gravity.
pulsar - highly magnetized rotating neutron stars
quasars - extremely luminous active galactic nucleus
What is the name of the
planet whose blue color is
not due to water?
a. Neptune
b. Uranus
c. Saturn
d. Pluto
a. Neptune
It is due to the abundance of methane in its atmosphere.
The gas envelope of the
earth is
a. hydrosphere
b. atmosphere
c. lithosphere
d. ozonosphere
a. atmosphere
ozonosphere = ozone layer
Which of the following
filters off the harmful
ultraviolet rays coming from
the sun?
a. carbon dioxide
b. water vapor
c. ozone
d. carbon monoxide
c. ozone
