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ASVAB > General Science > Flashcards

General Science Flashcards

1
Q

Weather patterns like warm and cold fronts are examples of which form of thermal energy transfer?

a. Conduction
b. Radiation
c. All of these are correct
d. Convection

A

d. Convection
Solution: Convection is the transfer of energy between an object and its environment due to fluid motion. For example, the Sun heats the Earth warming the air at the surface. This warm air rises and cool air circulates in to take its place. The warm air cools as it rises and falls to Earth setting up a circulating flow of air which forms the basis of weather patterns.

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2
Q

Which of the following is the proper order from the bottom of the food chain to the top of the food chain?

a. Primary consumer, tertiary consumer, primary producer, secondary consumer, quartenary consumer
b. Secondary consumer, tertiary consumer, primary producer, primary consumer, quartenary consumer
c. Primary producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer, quartenary consumer
d. Primary consumer, tertiary consumer, quartenary consumer, primary producer, secondary consumer

A

c. Primary producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer, quartenary consumer

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3
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of meiosis?

a. 46 chromosomes in each new cell
b. For cell division
c. Nucleus divides twice
d. Nucleus divides once

A

c. Nucleus divides twice
Solution: The characteristics of mitosis include: for cell division, nucleus divides once, two cells are formed, 46 chromosomes in each new cell. The characteristics of meiosis include: for sex cell formation, nucleus divides twice, four cells are formed, 23 chromosomes in each new cell.

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4
Q

Mitochondria produce energy for a cell through what process?

a. Respiration
b. Fission
c. Photosynthesis
d. Perspiration

A

a. Respiration
Solution: Respiration is a series of chemical reactions that mitochondria use to combine food and oxygen into energy for a cell.

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5
Q

Which of the following is not an example of a cell organelle?

a. Nucleus
b. Cytoplasm
c. Mitochondria
d. Vacuoles

A

b. Cytoplasm

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6
Q

Which of the following is in the correct order of increasing density?

a. Solid, liquid, plasma
b. Plasma, gas, solid
c. Solid, liquid, plasma

A

b. Plasma, gas, solid

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7
Q

When you hit a ball with a bat, the resulting work is done by what kind of energy?

a. Thermal energy
b. Kinetic energy
c. Electrical energy
d. Sound energy

A

b. Kinetic energy

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8
Q

Which of the following is not true about mass and weight?

a. Mass is weight adjusted for gravity
b. Mass is a constant value
c. Weight is mass adjusted for gravity
d. Weight is a constant value

A

d. Weight is a constant value

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9
Q

What is the temperature at which water vapor condenses into a liquid called?

a. Boiling point
b. Freezing point
c. Atomic point
d. Dew point

A

d. Dew point

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10
Q

Which of the following statements about viruses is false?

a. Take their energy from a host cell
b. Cannot generate or store energy
c. Reproduce sexually
d. Contain either DNA or RNA but not both

A

c. Reproduce sexually

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11
Q

Which of the following subatomic particles is not located in the nucleus of an atom?

a. Protons
b. Electrons
c. All are located in the nucleus
d. Neutrons

A

b. Electrons

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12
Q

The pituitary gland is a part of what bodily system?

a. Respiratory system
b. Immune system
c. Lymphatic system
d. Endocrine system

A

d. Endocrine system

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13
Q

Which of the following statements about photosynthesis is true?

a. Uses light to convert carbon dioxide and water into food
b. Releases carbon dioxide and water
c. Uses light to convert oxygen and water into food
d. Consumes chlorophyll

A

a. Uses light to convert carbon dioxide and water into food

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14
Q

Which type of cell has no internal membrane?

a. Prokaryotic
b. Bikaryotic
c. Single
d. Eukaryotic

A

a. Prokaryotic

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15
Q

Which of the following planets are gaseous?

a. Mars
b. Venus
c. Mercury
d. Jupiter

A

d. Jupiter

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16
Q

The internal structure of a DNA molecule is which of the following?

a. Single helix
b. Double helix
c. Mono-helix
d. Tri-helix

A

b. Double helix

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17
Q

In what geologic era did the first vertebrate land animals appear?

a. Cenozoic era
b. Archean era
c. Mesozoic era
d. Paleozoic era

A

d. Paleozoic era

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18
Q

Cell ______ are made up of DNA

a. Nucleus
b. Chromosomes
c. Chloroplasts
d. Vacuoles

A

look it up

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19
Q

Which of the following planets have no moons?

a. Mars
b. Mercury
c. Uranus
d. Saturn

A

b. Mercury

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20
Q

Chloroplasts are present in which cells?

a. No cells
b. Animal cells only
c. Plant cells only
d. All cells

A

c. Plant cells only

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21
Q

When combined, which of the following two substances neutralize each other

a. An acid and an alkali
b. An acid and water
c. A base and water
d. A salt and water

A

a. An acid and an alkali

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22
Q

An object is dropped from the fiftieth floor of a building makes a louder noise upon impact with the ground than one dropped from the fifth floor. This is due to their initial difference in

a. Chemical energy
b. Thermal energy
c. Electrical energy
d. Gravitational energy

A

d. Gravitational energy

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23
Q

In a homogeneous chemical mixture, which is the substance that is present in the greatest amount?

a. Solution solute
b. Solvent
c. Solute
d. Concentration

A

b. Solvent

24
Q

What are the layers of the Earth’s atmosphere in order of increasing altitude?

a. Stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, troposphere
b. Mesosphere, troposphere, stratosphere, thermosphere
c. Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
d. Thermosphere, troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere

A

c. Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere

25
Q

Which biome is characterized by cold temperatures and an abundance of evergreen trees?

a. Desert
b. Taiga
c. Savanna
d. Rainforest

A

b. Taiga

26
Q

In geology, what type of rock is formed by extreme heat, pressure, or chemical action on existing rock?

a. Transformative
b. Catastrophic
c. Metamorphic
d. Igneous

A

c. Metamorphic

Solution: Igneous rock is formed by cooling lava, sedimentary rock is formed by the compacting of small rock, mineral, and/or organic particles, and metamorphic rock is formed by extreme heat, preessure, or chemical action on existing rock.

27
Q

How many atoms are present in 7 molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2)?

a. 28
b. 42
c. 21
d. 7

A

c. 21

28
Q

Which of the following is not a function of a plant’s roots?

a. Reproduction
b. Absorbing nutrients and water
c. Storing food
d. Anchoring the plant into the soil

A

a. Reproduction

29
Q

Which of the following is characterized by longitudinal waves that results from vibration?

a. Sound energy
b. Electrical energy
c. Kinetic energy
d. Chemical energy

A

a. Sound energy

30
Q

Which of the following statements about elements is true?

a. The mass number is the number of neutrons contained in a single atom
b. Are made up of only one kind of atom
c. The atomic mass is the total mass of protons and neutrons in a single atom
d. Are among many types of matter that are displayed in the Periodic Table of Elements

A

b. Are made up of only one kind of atom

31
Q

Your ability to see is due to what bodily system?

a. Nervous system
b. Digestive system
c. Skeletal system
d. Respiratory system

A

a. Nervous system

32
Q

Which of the following statements about photosynthesis is false?

a. Uses light to convert carbon dioxide and water into food
b. Is enabled by chlorophyll
c. Consumes chlorophyll
d. Releases oxygen and water

A

c. Consumes chlorophyll

33
Q

A mutually beneficial relationship between different species is called

a. Symbiosis
b. Amensalism
c. Commensalism
d. Parasitism

A

a. Symbiosis
Solution: Symbiosis is any relationship between individuals of different species where both individuals benefit. Commensalism describes a relationship where one species benefits and the other is not significantly affected. In amensalism, one species is harmed and the other is not significantly affected and parasitism is a relationship where one species benefits and the other is harmed.

34
Q

Which of the following is in the correct order of increasing distance from the Sun?

a. Saturn, Jupiter, mars
b. Uranus, Jupiter, venus
c. Venus, mars, Uranus
d. Uranus, mars, venus

A

c. Venus, mars, Uranus

35
Q

Which of the following geologic eras started the longest ago?

a. Mesozoic era
b. Hadean era
c. Cenozoic era
d. Paleozoic era

A

b. Hadean era

36
Q

The periodic table of elements lists elements in order of their atomic number. For each element in the table, what does the atomic number represent?

a. The total number of subatomic particles
b. The number of protons plus neutrons in its nucleus
c. The number of protons in its nucleus
d. The mass of its nucleus

A

c. The number of protons in its nucleus

37
Q

Dinosaurs lived during which geologic era?

a. Mesozoic era
b. Paleozoic era
c. Cenozoic era
d. Hadean era

A

a. Mesozoic era

38
Q

Which of the following is the correct order of biological classification from most broad to most narrow?

a. Class, kingdom, family, life
b. Genus, order, phylum, kingdom
c. Phylum, order, family, species
d. Phylum, genus, order, family

A

c. Phylum, order, family, species
Solution: The order of biological classifications from the most broad to the narrowest is:
Life > Domain > Kingdom > Phylum > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species

39
Q

Cell functions are accomplished by structures called _______

a. Organelles
b. RNA
c. Cytoplasm
d. DNA

A

a. Organelles

40
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of alkalis?

a. Have a low concentration of hydrogen ions
b. Turn red litmus paper blue
c. Have high pH numbers
d. Have a high concentration of hydrogen ions

A

c. Have high pH numbers
Solution: The characteristics of acids include: give up an ion in a water solution, turn blue litmus paper red, have low ph numbers, have a low concentration of hydrogen ions.
The characteristics of alkalis include: take on an ion in a water solution, turn red litmus paper blue, have high ph numbers, have a high concentration of hydrogen ions.

41
Q

Which of the following is not a DNA base?

a. Adenine
b. Phosphate
c. Thymine
d. Cytosine

A

b. Phosphate

42
Q

Which of the following instrument would a meteorologist use to measure wind speed?

a. Hydrometer
b. Heliometer
c. Anemometer
d. Speedometer

A

c. Anemometer

43
Q

A vascular plant:

a. Reproduces using spores
b. Reproduces using seeds
c. Absorbs water from its roots
d. Absorbs water through its surfaces

A

c. Absorbs water from its roots
Solution: A vascular plant absorbs water from its roots and circulates the water to its stems and leaves. A nonvascular plant absorbs water through its surfaces.

44
Q

In meteorology, what are clouds with elongated tall shapes called?

a. Cumulus
b. Cirrus
c. Cumulonimbus
d. Stratus

A

a. Cumulus
Solution: Flat, layered clouds are stratus clouds, cumulus clouds have elongated tall shapes, cirrus clouds are striped, wispy, high-altitude clouds, and cumulonimbus clouds are thunderstorm clouds.

45
Q

Which of the following geologic eras is the most recent?

a. Paleozoic era
b. Hadean era
c. Archean era
d. Cenozoic era

A

look it up

46
Q

What is the protective layer on leaves that reduces evaporation from the plant and protects it from disease?

a. Cuticle
b. Guard cell layer
c. Stomata
d. Stamen

A

a. Cuticle

Solution: The cuticle is the protective layer on leaves that reduces evaporation and protects the plant from disease. Stomata are tiny openings in the leaves that enable it to take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen and guard cells regulate the exchange of water and gases into and out of the stomata.

47
Q

Which of the following statements about earth’s core is true?

a. The outer core is solid and made primarily of nickel and iron
b. The inner and outer core are separated by several miles of water and dirt
c. The motion of the outer core is responsible for the earth’s magnetic field
d. The inner core is solid and made primarily of copper and lead

A

c. The motion of the outer core is responsible for the earth’s magnetic field
Solution: The inner core of the Earth makes up less than 2% of the Earth’s mass and is solid made primarily of nickel and iron. It’s suspended by a liquid outer core that is also made primarily of nickel and iron and has a temperature approaching that of the sun.
The outer core is more massive than the inner core making up approximately 30% of the Earth’s mass and its motion is responsible for the Earth’s magnetic field. Together, the inner and outer core are approximately 1,400 miles across

48
Q

What are atoms of the same element that have different number of neutrons called?

a. Nuclides
b. Isotopes
c. Inert
d. Organics

A

b. Isotopes

49
Q

Which of the following statements is false?

a. Genes are found in chromosomes
b. DNA is found in chromosomes
c. Genes are part of DNA
d. Chromosomes are found in genes

A

d. Chromosomes are found in genes

Solution: Genes are part of DNA which is found in chromosomes which are found in cells.

50
Q

Mitosis takes place:

a. When cells need to replace themselves
b. After meiosis
c. When sex cells are formed
d. Before meiosis

A

a. When cells need to replace themselves

51
Q

Which of the following statements about pH value is false?

a. Values of less than 7 are acids
b. Values of greater than 7 are acids
c. Values of greater than are akalis
d. A value of 7 is neutral

A

b. Values of greater than 7 are acids

52
Q

What is a homogeneous chemical mixture composed of two or more substances?

a. Concentration
b. Solvent
c. Solution
d. Solute

A

c. Solution

53
Q

Biennials are plants that ______

a. Have a repeating growing cycle
b. Have a two year growing cycle
c. Have a one year growing cycle
d. Have two growing cycles each year

A

b. Have a two year growing cycle

54
Q

Which of the following planets have no moons?

a. Mercury
b. Saturn
c. Jupiter
d. Neptune

A

a. Mercury

55
Q

In mechanical motion, what measurement represents change per unit of time?(not entered)

a. Speed
b. Acceleration
c. Displacement
d. Velocity

A

b. Acceleration

56
Q

Which category of plants produces flowers?

a. Angiosperms
b. Dicots
c. Monocots
d. Gymnosperms

A

a. Angiosperms

ASVAB (3 decks)

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