General Science Flashcards
which type of electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength?
gamma rays
Which of the following is the most likely result from free exchange of alleles between two schools of yellow perch in a large lake?
A. Fertility barriers
B.High rates of deformity
C. Genetic Equilibrium
D.Speciation
C. Genetic equilibrium refers to static allele frequencies in a population over time. A large population and random mating are helpful for maintaining genetic equilibrium.
Why does dew form on the ground?
As the temperature drops during the night, the air cannot hold as much water, and the water vapor forms into liquid water on the ground.
Which type of radiation is the least dangerous to humans when exposed externally because of its low penetrating power?
Alpha particles have a very low penetrating power. They can be blocked by thin barriers, or even a short distance of air.
Do beta particles penetrate skin?
yes, but they can be blocked by thin barriers like plastic or wood
Are nuclear energy sources renewable or nonrenewable sources of energy?
Nonrenewable. Nuclear energy is generally considered sustainable because it is a relatively clean energy source, but it is also considered nonrenewable because the materials used in a nuclear power plant are currently limited. U-235 is the form of uranium used in nuclear power plants and it is a nonrenewable source.
A doctor prescribed a 250 mg capsule of a common antibiotic for strep throat. The pharmacist had only 1 gram of the antibiotic in stock. How many capsules of medicine can the patient get from the pharmacist?
4
If a zygote undergoes spiral cleavage, this zygote will develop into:
a protosome
What is spiral cleavage?
spiral cleavage, which means that one pole of the embryo is rotated.
What is a protosome?
a type of animal that has spiral cleavage, a mouth that develops before the anus in embryos, true tissues, and is bilaterally symmetric.
what is a chordate?
a type of animal with a flexible rod supporting their dorsal or back sides.
characteristics: 1) a notochord, 2) a dorsal hollow nerve cord, 3) an endostyle or thyroid, 4) pharyngeal slits, and 5) a post-anal tail
what is an echinoderm?
characterized by tube feet, a calcite body-covering (test), and a five-part symmetrical body, radial cleavage
think starfish, sea urchin, sea cucumber
covalently bonded compound
made when two or more nonmetal atoms bond by sharing valence electrons
ex:h2o
ionic bond
one atom donates electrons to the other
ex:AlO3
What is the role of the promoter during RNA transcription?
To bind with RNA polymerase and begin the process of building the RNA strand.
how do immune cells can distinguish cells that belong in the body from pathogens?
Major histocompatibility molecules on the surface of the cells identify the cell as part of the body.
The immune system will usually not react to cells that have major histocompatibility molecules on their surface. These markers identify the cell as self.
Do pathogens or cells have antibodies on their surface?
Pathogens have antigens on their surface. Lymphocytes bind to the antigen, detect the shape, and trigger antibody production.
The uneven heating of the Earth results in
Deserts commonly found near the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.
Deserts are commonly found near the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn, due to warm, moist air losing its moisture before reaching the Tropics.
Which of the following is the most likely reason hydrogen can bond with many other elements?
Hydrogen has only one valence electron.
Because hydrogen has only one valence electron, it only needs one shared electron to fill its energy levels to form a covalent bond. Hydrogen can also lose its electron to form an ionic bond.
Which list has the layers of the Earth in the correct order, from center outward?
From center outward, the layers are inner core, outer core, mantle, crust.
Which of the following describes the tectonic plate movement at a divergent boundary?
Plates move apart.
Tectonic plates move away from each other at divergent boundaries, often forming rift valleys or mid-ocean ridges.
what is a convergent plate boundary?
Plates collide and form mountain ranges.
This describes the convergent plate boundary of two continental plates.
Placing a human muscle cell in salt water would cause
The cells would shrivel.
There are more solute particles outside the cell than inside the cell so water would flow from the inside to the outside of the cell by osmosis. This would cause the cells to shrivel.
A cube of steel at 10°C and 1 atm has a volume of 500 cm2. Which of the following is the most likely volume of the cube after it is heated to 60°C?
501 cm3
The expansion coefficient for steel and many other metals is very small (α = 13 × 10–6 for steel). This means their expansion is a very small percentage of their original size per temperature degree increase.
