General Safety Knowledge Flashcards
Your observations during flight may be a valuable source of information for ATC and other pilots.
Please give three examples of information you may want to report to ATC or other pilots for safety related reasons? (20 sec)
Three examples of information that I may want to report ATC are;
• windshear,
• turbulence
• bird activity.
Emergency procedures
If you are the commander of an aircraft and you find yourself in real difficulty, do not lose any time, it is important to request assistance immediately.
Even during an emergency your first priority must be to fly the aircraft.
Your second priority is to navigate the aircraft. This means that aircraft headed in a suitable direction, at a safe altitude.
Your third priority is to communicate.
How would you prioritise your tasks in an emergency situation based on the information you have just received? (20 sec)
During an emergency, first of all I should fly the aircraft, and then continue to navigate, and finally communicate with the ATC.
The Distress Message or Mayday Call
Mayday is the Anglicized spelling of the French phrase “m’aidez!” which means “Help me!”
The distress message is the absolute top priority call. It has priority over all others, and the word Mayday should force everyone else into immediate radio silence.
Please give three examples of situations that would justify making a Mayday call?
Three examples of mayday calls are; engine fire, structural damage and pilot incapacitation.
The Urgency Message or Pan-Pan Call
The urgency or Pan-Pan message is made when an emergency exists that does not require immediate assistance.
It is used to transmit a very urgent message concerning the safety of an aircraft - your own aircraft or another or a person on board or in sight.
The urgency or Pan-Pan takes priority over all other calls except a Mayday call.
Please give three examples of situations that would justify making a Pan-Pan call?
Three examples of pan pan calls are; bird strike, hydraulic failure and gear problems.
Radio Faillure Or Human Error
With modern equipment, actual radio failure is a rare event. However, loss of communications or failure to establish communications still exists from time to time, usually due to some human errors.
Once the human error is rectified, what you thought was a radio failure turns out to have only been a temporary loss of communications. Everything can then proceed normally.
For example, the ground station being called is off the air because the call is made outside the hours of service of that station. The human error in this case is the pilot failure to consult the relevant AIP section.
Please give two other examples of situations which may lead to the loss of communication due to human error?
The examples of the loss of communication are; low volume and wrong frequency.
Radio failure procedures
The Wright brothers never thought to install a radio in their first airplane, yet it still flew. Radio is simply a modern aid to flying, that we make great use of, to improve the safety and efficiency of flight.
Whether the radio is working or not does not affect the flying characteristics of the aircraft. If the radio fails and you lose communications, it does not mean that the aircraft stops flying. You should continue to fly the aircraft accurately, navigate safely (that is head in a suitable direction at a safe altitude), and then try to restore communications. If that is not possible, then follow reasonable radio failure procedures according to good airmanship and your best judgment.
How would you prioritize your tasks in a radio failure situation based on the information you have just received? (20 sec)
You should fly the aircraft, and then continue to navigate the aircraft, and finally communicate with ATC. If It isn’t possible to apply, you have to follow the radio failure procedures.
Please explain what “ROGER” means and what “WILCO”means? (20 sec)
On the screen: ROGER and WILCO
ROGER means that I have received all of your last transmission.
WILCO means that I understand your message and will comply with it.
Please explain what “AFFIRM” means and what “CONFIRM” means? (20 sec)
On the screen: AFFIRM and CONFIRM
AFFIRM is an answer word for a question. It means positive.
CONFIRM is a question word. If you have some information but you are in doubt or you are not sure about its certainty.
Please explain what “INCIDENT” means and what “ACCIDENT” means? (20 sec)
On the screen: INCIDENT and ACCIDENT
INCIDENT is describe by an occurrence other than an accident, associated with the operation of the aircraft which affect the safety of operation.
ACCIDENT is described by an occurrence, if a person is seriously injured as a result of being in the aircraft, direct contact with any part of the aircraft or direct expose to jet blast of the aircraft.
