General questions

Question 1

What does the Wilcoxon rank sum test investigate?

Answer 1

It looks at the differences between two sets of scores after ranking them from highest to lowest.
If the sum of one groups rank is too small relative to the other we reject the null hypothesis.

Question 2

What is interval data?

Answer 2

Data that consists of a scale. The differences between each item are equal to each other.
E.g. Age

Question 3

What is the formula to calculate the mean?

Answer 3

Add all the values and divide by the total number.

Question 4

What is meant by reflexivity?

Answer 4

Its the researchers attempt to become aware of their own beliefs and assumptions and consider how these might affect the results.

Question 5

What is the bonferroni correction?

Answer 5

It adjusts the critical value of significance.

Question 6

What is an independent T test used for?

Answer 6

To compare data from two different groups.

Question 7

How do you check the assumption of homogeneity of variance?

Answer 7

By using the Levene’s test.

Question 8

What is the assumption of homogeneity of variance?

Answer 8

This is where the variance within each of the populations is equal.

Question 9

What is interpretativism?

Answer 9

The idea that the social world can be subjectively meaningful.

Question 10

What does the correlation coefficient measure?

Answer 10

The strength of a linear relationship between two variables.

The amount of variance of the scatter points from the straight line.

Question 11

What is the P value?

Answer 11

The P value is 0.05.

If a result is less than this it is deemed statistically significant.

Question 12

What is the degree of freedom?

Answer 12

How many items in a data set need to be specified before all the items are known.
(K= -1) K being the total number of data.

Question 13

Which Test would you use to compare means of two groups?

Answer 13

You would use T tests.

Question 14

What is appendix T?

Answer 14

An appendix of potential T values and probabilities that allow us to make a statement regarding a hypothesis.

Question 15

What is the key idea of the Chi-Square test?

Answer 15

It compares observed and expected frequencies.

Question 16

What is meant by deviant case sampling?

Answer 16

Sampling participants who might be expected to dis-conform our working interpretations.

Question 17

What is ontology?

Answer 17

It’s a theory of being, the study of reality and the nature of being.

Question 18

What is quota sampling?

Answer 18

A sample that includes specific numbers for a given variable.

Question 19

Whats a Z score?

Answer 19

Its a standardised value to find the probability of an event occurring.

Question 20

What is a type 2 error?

Answer 20

It occurs when we fail to reject the null hypothesis when its actually false.

Question 21

What would it mean if the probability of an event occurring was .9?

Answer 21

It would mean it would be very likely to occur.

Question 22

What is the name for the natural variability due to chance?

Answer 22

It is known as a sampling error.

Question 23

What is meant by reliability in terms of questionnaire design?

Answer 23

The degree to which the questionnaire is consistent over time.

Question 24

Examples of measures of central tendency.

Answer 24

Median
Mean
Mode

Question 25

What test would you use to see if there was a difference between two groups of ordinal data?

Answer 25

The Wilcoxon signed ranks test.

Question 26

Which test relies on the calculation of ranks?

Answer 26

Spearman’s correlation.