General Questions

Question 1

Why would you want to check for a PFO in the setting of VAD placement?

Answer 1

1. Paradoxical Emboli could cross the PFO
2. Right to Left Shunting

Question 2

What are 4 ways you can check for a right atrial appendage?

Answer 2

1. Look for thrombus
2. Color FLow Velocity
3. Pulse wave doppler
4. 3D Echo

Question 3

Why is Pulse wave doppler a great way to assess for left atrial appendage thrombus?

Answer 3

> 55 m/s it has a 100% negative predictive value for thrombus

Question 4

What is a normal coronary sinus size?

Answer 4

<10 - 12 mm

Question 5

What is the clinical significance of a dilated coronary sinus?

Answer 5

Could have persistent SVC Retrograde Cardioplegia will not work