general properties of element of the 1st transtion

Question 1

Atomic mass It increases gradually with increasing ………….., but……….. is Abnormal

Answer 1

1. their atomic number
2. nickel

Question 2

why nikel is abonormal in atomic mass

Answer 2

because it has five isotopes with average mass 58.7

Question 3

There is a little change in atomic radii as we move through first transition series, it’s also noticed that atomic radius is nearly constant …………….

Answer 3

from Cr to Cu

Question 4

why The radii of transition elements are relatively constant

Answer 4

due to two opposite factor

1. because as atomic number increases the attraction force increases so atomic radius decreases
2. The increasing in the number of the electrons in 3d sublevel will increase The repulsion force between them

Question 5

why Transition element are metals

Answer 5

1. They are solid and have metallic lister and good conductor of heat and electricity
2. and Transition element have a high melting point
3. Most of transition element have a high density which increases by increasing atomic number
4. There is a variation in their chemical activity

Question 6

Transition element have a high melting point GR

Answer 6

because the have a storng metalic bond resulting from both the electrons of 4S & 3D

Question 7

Transition element have a high melting point GR

Answer 7

Because the atomic mass increasea while the atomic size is relativly constant ( Density= mass / volume )

Question 8

There is a variation in their chemical activity

srrsnge the following elemens according to chemical activity ( Cu , Fe . Sc )

Answer 8

1. Copper has limited activity
2. Iron more active and rust in air
3. Scandium very active replaces hydrogen of water vigorously

Question 9

Each electron has a spindle movement around its axis so it forms ………….

The electron is considered ………

Answer 9

1. a small magnetic filled around it
2. as a small magnet

Question 10

The magnetic attractive force increases by increasing the…………………….. so magnetic moment ……..

Answer 10

1. number single electron in last sub level
2. increases

Question 11

If the magnetic moment is zero that mean all electrons in d sup level ………… or d sup level is ……..

Answer 11

1. paired
2. empty

Question 12

what is the magnetic moment

Answer 12

it is the measuring unit of magnetic effect

Question 13

the magneic moment increases to reach ……….which contain ……. moment then decreases to zero to reach ………which contain ………

Answer 13

1. mnanganese
2. 5
3. zinc
4. ni unpaired elecron (d⁰)

Question 14

diff para magneism

Answer 14

It occur in ions , atoms or molecules which contain orbital occupied by single electron

Question 15

diff para substance

Answer 15

it is the substance that attract to magnet due to the existance of single electron in orbitals of the last sublevel

Question 16

diff di magneism

Answer 16

It occur in ions , atoms or molecules which contain orbital occupied by paired electrons

Question 17

diff diamagnetic substance

Answer 17

it is the substance ha repel to magnet due to the absence of single electrons in orbitals of the last sub level

Question 18

the spindle movment of paried electrons ………… so i is magneic moment = …

Answer 18

1. is opposite to each other
2. zero

Question 19

most of transtion element compounds are paramagnetic GR

Answer 19

because most of transition element contain single electron in there orbitals of the last sublevel

Question 20

magnetic moment of substance indicates the electronic configuration of this substance

Answer 20

because magnetic moment = number of single electron that mean if i till you the magnetic moment is 3 that mean the electronic configuration of these element is 4S² 3d³ or 4S² 3d⁸

Question 21

any element is paramagnetic substance

Answer 21

because the electronic configuration ………….. so it has moment = ……… so it is para magnetic substance

Question 22

any element is Di magnetic substance

Answer 22

because the electronic configuration ………….. so it has moment = ……… so it is DI magnetic substance

Question 23

which of he following subsance is para or di magneism

Fe₂(SO₄)₃ , ZInc atom , iron (II) chloride , Copper II ion , ZnSO₄

1. give reason
2. moment
3. No of Unpaired

Question 24

Arrange the following cations of the following compounds according to their magntic moment

tiO_{2 ,} Cr₂O_{3 .} CuCl₂ . FeCl₃

Question 26

most of ………………………..in there aqueous solution are colored

Answer 26

tranistion element

Question 27

the white color composed of …. visible specturms each has of them …….

Answer 27

1. 7
2. certain energy

Question 28

when the color appears

Answer 28

the color appears when the substances absorbs some photons of the visible light so the product of the ramaining colors which are not absorbed by the substance complemmntry color is seen by the eye

Question 29

if the all white color absorbed the ….. color appears to the eye

Answer 29

black

Question 30

if no color absorbed it appear …… color to the eye

Answer 30

white

Question 31

if it absorbs a certain color of the spectrem the …………….. is seen by the eye

Answer 31

complementary color

Question 32

complementary color of

1. yellow
2. red
3. orange

Answer 32

1. violet
2. green
3. blue

Question 33

most of tranisition elements are colored GR

Answer 33

due to existance of single electron in orbitals so it is easilt excied so when the white color fall on ions of transtion element is absorbs the color which itis energy enough to excite its single electrons and appears by the complementary color to the absorbed one

Question 34

chromium III compounds appears green

Answer 34

because the energy of red color enough t excite the single electrons of chromium III compounds so it absorbs the red color and appears by the complementary color which is green

Question 35

group IIB is color less

Answer 35

because all electrons paried

Question 36

haber bosh method

Answer 36

N_2(g) + 3H_2(g) →Fe/500c-200c atm→2NH_{3 (g)}

Question 37

Nickel is used in ……….

Answer 37

hydrogenation of oils

Question 38

contact method

Answer 38

vanadium pent oxide is used in preparation of sulphuric acid by the contact method

1. 2SO_2(g) + O_2(g)→ V₂O₅ /450 c→2SO_3(g)
2. SO_3(g) + H₂O_(l)→→H₂SO_4(aq)

Question 39

transtion element are considered to be ideal catalysts GR

Answer 39

because electrons of S and D sub level which form bonds between the reacting molecules and atoms of the metals surface

lead to

1. the concentration of reactants increases on the surface of metal
2. the bonds of reactants become weak
3. activation energy decrease , so the rate of reaction increases

Question 40

DRAW GRAHPHG OF ca