General Principles

Question 1

Drugs versus Medications

Answer 1

Drug- Foreign substances placed in the body Medication- Drugs used for medical purposes

Question 2

6 Rights of Medication Administration

Answer 2

right person

right medication

right dose

right time

right route

right documentation

Question 3

Medical asepsis

Answer 3

Medical environment free of pathogens

Question 4

Sterile environment

Answer 4

Free of all forms of life

Question 5

Medically clean

Answer 5

Careful handling of sterile equipment

Question 6

Disinfectants vs Antiseptics

Answer 6

disinfectant - toxic to living tissue antiseptic - non toxic to living tissue

Question 7

What information do you record when administering a medication? (5 major items)

Answer 7

• Indication for drug
• Dosage and route delivered
• Patient’s response to the medication (both positive and negative)
• Patient’s condition and vital signs before and after
• Record and document

Question 8

Pulmonary Medication Administration 2 routes

Answer 8

Inhalation - nebulizer, inhalers

Endotracheal Tube - when IV or IO unavailable .. absorbed through pulmonary capillaries

Question 9

Enteral Medication Administration 3 routes

Answer 9

Orally

Gastric tube

Rectally

Question 10

Parenternal Medication Administration

Answer 10

Uses needles and syringes

Question 11

Intradermal Injection

Define Size needle Degree of insertion

Answer 11

Within the skin

25-27 ga needle, 3/8 - 1 inch long 10-15 degree angle

Question 12

Subcutaneous Injection

Define Size needle Degree of insertion

Answer 12

Below the skin

24-26 ga needle, 3/8 -1 inch long 45 degree angle

Question 13

Intramuscular Injection

Define Size needle Degree of insertion

Answer 13

WIthin the muscle

21-23 ga needle, 3/8-1 inch long 90 degree angle

Question 14

Intraveneous Access

Define 2 types

Answer 14

Within the vein

Peripheral venous and central venous

Question 15

Colloidal solution

Define Name 4 common Colloids

Answer 15

Contain large proteins that cannot pass through the capillary membrane.

Remain in the circulatory system for a long time (We don’t use prehospital)

• Plasmanate, Albumin, Dextran, Hespan

Question 16

Isotonic Solution

Answer 16

These have a tonicity equal to that of blood plasma. In a normally hydrated pt, will not cause a significant fluid shift.

Question 17

Hypertonic Solution

Answer 17

These have a higher solute concentration than do the cells. In a normally hydrated pt, they cause fluid to shift out of the Intracellular compartment and into the extracellular compartment.

Question 18

Hypotonic

Answer 18

These have a lower solute concentration than do the cells. In a normally hydrated pt, they cause fluid to shift from the extracellular compartment into the intracellular compartment.

Question 19

IO Access Sites

4 most common sites

Answer 19

Proxima tibia (most common)

• Medial and inferior to anterior tibial tuberosity)

Medial malleolus of distal tibia

Humeral head Sternum