General Physics Flashcards
Constant Motion
v = d/t
v is the velocity in m/s
d is the distance in m
t is the time in seconds
Acceleration formula
a = (v-u) / t
u is the initial velocity
v is the final velocity
t is the time
a is acceleration
Distance covered in velocity time graphs
in rectangular area graph distance is base x height
in triangular area graph distance is 1/2 base x height
Weight:
- Formula
- Weight vs. Mass
w = m x g
w is the weight in newtons (N)
m is the mass in kg
g is the acceleration due to gravity 10m/s
weight is the force of gravity
mass is the amount of matter
Density formula
ρ = m / v
ρ is density in kg/m^3
m is the mass kg
volume in cubic meters (1 cubic meter is 1000L)
Force in Newtons
F = m x a
f is force (N)
m is mass in kg
a is acceleration in m/s
Terminal velocity
An object falling with air resistance
Weight of an object (downwards) = air resistance (upwards)
implies no net force, no acceleration and constant velocity
Hooke’s Law
F = k x 𝑥
F is force in Newtons
𝑥 is the extension in meters
k is the spring constant
Moment of a force in N.m (turning effect)
moment of force (Torque) = f x d
torque is N
f is force in N
d is the perpendicular distance from the pivot
Law of moment and equilibrium
if an object is in equilibrium
sum of total clockwise moment = sum of total anti clockwise moment
==> F1 x d1 = F2 x d2
Work done
W = f x d
W is work done in Joules (J)
f is force in (N)
d is the distance covered by the object in the same direction
Kinetic energy
E(k) = 1/2 x m x v^2
E(k) is kinetic energy in joules
m is mass in kg
v is velocity in m/s
Potential energy
E(p) = m x g x ∆h
E(p) is potential energy in joules
m is mass in kg
g is gravity (gravitational acceleration)
∆h is height from the ground in m
Law of conservation of energy
Loss of E(p) = gain of E(k)
m x g x ∆h = 1/2 x m x v^2
Power
P = work done / time taken
or
P = energy transfer / time taken
Power is the rate of doing work or rate of transferring energy from one form to another
