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Residency > General Peds > Flashcards

General Peds Flashcards

1
Q

Birth weight of newborn usually regained at what age?

A

10-14 days

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2
Q

Birth weight doubles at what age?

A

4 months

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3
Q

Birth weight triples at what age?

A

1 year

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4
Q

How much is birth length increase by 1 year of age?

A

50%

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5
Q

Normal weight gain after 2 years of age per year?

A

2-3 kg/year

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6
Q

Body mass index (BMI) should be used starting at what age?

A

2 years

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7
Q

Birth length doubles at what age?

A

4 years

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8
Q

What is the average growth length per year after 2 years of age?

A

5 cm/years

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9
Q

How much does the head circumference increase per month in the first year?

A

1 cm/month

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10
Q

When does the head grow the fastest?

A

First 60 days of life (0.5 cm/week)

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11
Q

Head circumference should be measured in each well visit until what age?

A

2 years

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12
Q

What is the study of choice for a baby who presents with macrocephaly?

A

Head ultrasound

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13
Q

What is the study of choice for a baby who presents with absolute
microcephaly?

A

Head CT scan or MRI

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14
Q

A child with enlarged head >98th percentile, similar to the father, no symptoms
and normal cognitive function, head imaging study showed prominent
subarachnoid space specially in the frontal region

A

Benign familial macrocephaly

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15
Q

Anterior displacement of the occiput on one side and the frontal region on
the ipsilateral side and the ear is more anterior on the side of occipital flattening.
(parallelogram)

A

Positional plagiocephaly

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16
Q

Anterior displacement of the occiput on one side and frontal bossing on the
contralateral side and the ear is displaced more posteriorly. (trapezoid)

A

Posterior plagiocephaly (Craniosynostosis)

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17
Q

Most common type of craniosynostosis

A

Long narrow head (scaphocephaly) which is early closure of the sagittal sutures

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18
Q

How much will 10 ml/kg of packed red blood cells raise the hemoglobin?

A

2.5–3 g/dL

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19
Q

Rotavirus, measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), oral poliovirus vaccine
(OPV), and varicella are?

A

Live attenuated virus vaccine

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20
Q

How are MMR, varicella, and inactivated polio (IPV) given?

A

Subcutaneously (IPV can be given either IM

or SC)

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21
Q

What is the maximum age you can give DTaP?

A

7 years

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22
Q

When can Tdap or Td be given?

A

> 7 years

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23
Q

Can you give MMR and PPD together?

A

yes

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24
Q

If you give only, MMR how long should you wait to do PPD test?

A

4–6 weeks

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25
Q

When is Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination do not need to be
given?

A

> 5 years

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26
Q

Which condition can you give Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination at > 5 years of age?

A

Functional or anatomical asplenia

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27
Q

Child who received MMR vaccine two weeks ago is now having pain in the
hip joints. Which component of the vaccine is responsible for this reaction?

A

Rubella

28
Q

Which pneumococcal vaccine should be given to high risk children 6 years
and older, e.g., HIV, sickle cell disease, asplenia, cochlear implant?

A

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13)

29
Q

Which vaccines are contraindicated to be given to immunocompromised
children?

A

Live vaccines, e.g., MMR, varicella, and rotavirus

30
Q

Children younger than 9 years of age; never been vaccinated for influenza before, how many doses should they receive during the first instance of influenza vaccination?

A

Two doses 1 month apart

31
Q

A child has a severe egg allergy (anaphylaxis). Can he or she take the
MMR vaccine?

A

yes

32
Q

A child is allergic to eggs (only hives). Can he or she take the influenza
vaccine today?

A

yes

33
Q

A child has severe egg allergy (anaphylaxis). Can he or she take the influenza vaccine today?

A

No

34
Q

A 4-year-old boy has a 104F fever and ear infection, can he be vaccinated
today?

A

yes

35
Q

An unimmunized 4 months old child came for catch up vaccination. Can he or she receive the rotavirus vaccine?

A

No

36
Q

A Child is on oral steroids 2 mg/kg/day. Can he or she receive MMR vaccine or other live virus vaccine?

A

No; should be < 2 mg/kg/day if 10 kg or less

37
Q

Adolescent is taking oral steroid for severe asthma 30 mg per day. Can he or she receive live virus vaccines?

A

No, should be < 20 mg per day if > 10kg

38
Q

If a household member is immunocompromised e.g., HIV, Leukemia, or
SCID can you give his 4 months old sister oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV)

A

No

39
Q

At what age do most infants lose the Moro reflex?

A

3–4 months

40
Q

At what age are most infants able roll from front to back?

A

4–5 months

41
Q

At what age are most infants able to roll from back to front?

A

5–6 months

42
Q

At what age are most infants able to sit without support?

A

7 months

43
Q

At what age do most infants experience no head lag when pulled to sit?

A

4 months

44
Q

At what age are most children able to copy a circle?

A

3 years

45
Q

At what age are most children able to copy a cross?

A

3–4 years

46
Q

At what age are most children able to copy a square?

A

4 years

47
Q

At what age are most children able to copy a triangle?

A

5 years

48
Q

At what age are most children able to copy a diamond?

A

7 years

49
Q

At what age are most toddlers able to use a cup well?

A

15–18 months

50
Q

A 2-year-old uses only five words. What is the best test to order?

A

Hearing test

51
Q

AAP recommends universal hearing screening of all infant to occur by
what age?

A

3 months

52
Q

AAP recommends hemoglobin/hematocrit screening at what age?

A

12 months and 2 years

53
Q

AAP recommends Autism screening at what age?

A

18 months

54
Q

AAP recommends the latest age a child see a dentist is?

A

3 years

55
Q

AAP dentistry recommends that all children need to see a dentist at what age?

A

12 months

56
Q

AAP recommended age you should discuss drugs and sex with children?

A

10 years

57
Q

Baby is exclusively breastfed. At what age should you recommend daily
Vitamin D supplementation (400 IU)?
“1 liter of formula has 406 IU of vitamin D”

A

First few days of life

58
Q

Baby is exclusively breastfed. At what age should you recommend daily
iron (1 mg/kg/day)?

A

4 months

59
Q

What is the age when infants can drink cow’s milk?

A

12 months

60
Q

At what age can a child be given low fat milk?

A

> 2 years

61
Q

What are the first teeth that usually erupt?

A

Lower anterior incisors

62
Q

The latest age for first tooth eruption

A

18 months (after that, dental consult)

63
Q

At what temperature should you set the water heater at home?

A

120 F or less

64
Q

What is the best solution to keep knocked out tooth until the child sees the dentist, if cannot be manually reimplanted

A

Cold milk

65
Q

When should the knocked out tooth be implanted?

A

Immediate treatment is essential

Residency (2 decks)

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