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2023 City of Cincinnati Paramedic > General Paramedic Vocabulary > Flashcards

General Paramedic Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

more solutes than other solution

A

hypertonic

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2
Q

less solutes than other solution

A

hypotonic

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3
Q

same solutes concentration as other solution

A

isotonic

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4
Q

everything inside of a cell

A

cytoplasm

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5
Q

directs cellular activity

A

nucleolus

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6
Q

the powerhouse of the cell

A

mitochondria

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7
Q

carbohydrate metabolism, calcium concentrations, drug detoxification, attachment of receptions on cell membrane proteins

A

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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8
Q

substance that when dissolved, forms a true solution and is able to pass through a semipermeable membrane

A

crystalloid

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9
Q

pressure the aorta valve has to overcome to open

A

afterload

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10
Q

blood available to right atrium

A

preload

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11
Q

produced by pituitary to stimulate thyroid

A

thyroid stimulating hormone

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12
Q

process of stopping blood flow

A

hemostasis

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13
Q

chemical process inside of a cell necessary for maintenance of life

A

metabolism

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14
Q

a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

A

krebs cycle

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15
Q

equilibrium, in balance

A

homeostasis

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16
Q

support synchronized contraction of cardiac tissue

A

intercalated disc

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17
Q

terminal units of cardiac electric system

A

purkinje fibers

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18
Q

metabolism with oxygen

A

aerobic metabolism

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19
Q

metabolism without oxygen

A

anaerobic metabolism

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20
Q

tubes in lungs that carry air to/from trachea

A

bronchioles

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21
Q

bifurcation (division of something into two parts) of the right and left mainstem bronchi

A

carina

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22
Q

functional units of lungs, one cell thick allowing for diffusion of respiratory gases

A

alveolus

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23
Q

interstitial compartment, intravascular compartment (25% of body fluid)

A

extracellular fluid

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24
Q

fluid within the cell (75% of body fluid)

A

intracellular fluid

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25
Q

localized infection leads to systemic infection

A

theoretical infection

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26
Q

strength of cardiac contraction

A

inotrope

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27
Q

rate of cardiac

A

chronotropic

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28
Q

speed of electrical impulse through the heart

A

dromotropic

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29
Q

exits C-3,4,5 and supplies motor impulse to diaphragm (C-3,4,5 keeps the diaphragm alive)

A

phrenic nerve

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30
Q

stretch receptors prevent over inflation of lungs

A

hearing-breuer reflex

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31
Q

amount of blood expressed by heart in one minute (HR x SV = ?)

A

cardiac output (CO)

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32
Q

resistance to blood flow caused by vascular constriction

A

systemic vascular resistance

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33
Q

strength of contraction, frank starling

A

contractility (cardiac)

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34
Q

amount of blood pumped for ventricle in one contraction (usually about 70 mL)

A

stroke volume (SV)

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35
Q

involuntary nervous system, has two divisions - sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

A

autonomic nervous system (ANS)

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36
Q

rest and digest system

A

parasympathetic nervous system

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37
Q

fight or flight system

A

sympathetic nervous system

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38
Q

voluntary part of peripheral nervous system (PNS), carries motor and sensory both to/from CNS

A

somatic nervous system (SNS)

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39
Q

type of passive transport which uses a facilitator molecule to move a particle (ie. insulin and glucose)

A

facilitated transport

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40
Q

uses energy to move a particle against a gradient

A

active transport

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41
Q

passive transport, movement of particles (solutes) from area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration

A

diffusion

42
Q

movement of water (solvent) from areas of low particle concentration to areas of high particle concentration

A

osmosis

43
Q

controls respiration, medulla (pH), arch of aorta, and carotids

A

chemoreceptors

44
Q

fine motor control, storage of paradigms

A

cerebellum

45
Q

master gland, controls pituitary, thermostat

A

hypothalamus

46
Q

part of the brainstem that controls heart rate, respirations, BP

A

medulla oblongata

47
Q

where heart rotates forward during systole, 5th intercostal space, left of mid-sternum, medial to left mid-clavicular line

A

point of maximum impulse (cardiac)

48
Q

part of brainstem involved in arousal, controlling autonomic functions, relaying sensory information between cerebrum and cerebellum

A

pons

49
Q

encloses cells and gives integrity to cells

A

cell membrane

50
Q

semipermeable cell membrane

A

phospholipid membrane

51
Q

responsible for alertness, area of electrical impulses between brainstem and cerebellum

A

reticular activating system

52
Q

these receptors allow “feed-forward responses” to a predicted change in core body temperature in response to changing environmental conditions, respond to small changes in temperature

A

central thermoreceptors

53
Q

percentage of RBCs in blood (45% M, 40% F)

A

hematocrit

54
Q

another name for red blood cells (RBCs)

A

erythrocyte

55
Q

this gives important information about the kinds and numbers of cells in the blood, especially RBCs, WBCs, and platelets

A

complete blood count (CBC)

56
Q

the iron-containing oxygen transport metalloprotein in the RBCs of all vertebrates

A

hemoglobin (Hb or Hgb)

57
Q

soluble protein excreted by a microorganism, have the potential to cause major damage to the host, can be secreted or released during cell lysis

A

exotoxin

58
Q

potentially toxic, natural compounds found inside pathogens such as bacteria, a structural component in bacteria released mainly when bacteria are lysed

A

endotoxins

59
Q

able to infect and cause harm to the body

A

pathogens

60
Q

protects us from microbes and the elements, helps regulate body temperature, and permits sensations of touch, heat, and cold

A

skin

61
Q

what electrolytes dissociate into when placed in solution, can be charged

A

ions

62
Q

generates electrical energy for cell (cardiac and nerve), resting potential K+ in cell, Na+ outside, think ekg breakdown

A

sodium potassium pump

63
Q

caused by the closure of AV valves (tricuspid and mitral)

A

heart sound 1 (s-1) lub

64
Q

caused by the closure of the semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonic)

A

heart sound 2 (s-2) dub

65
Q

increasing volume of blood within the ventricles, right sided s3 will increase on inspiration (breathing in), left sided s3 will increase upon expiration (breathing out)

A

heart sound 3 (s-3) lub-dub-ta aka gallop rhythm

66
Q

sign of pathology (hypotropic left ventricle as in systemic hypertension)

A

heart sound 4 (s-4) ta-lub-dub

67
Q

phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries

A

systole

68
Q

phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to full with blood

A

diastole

69
Q
A

coronary vessels

70
Q
A

atelactasis

71
Q
A

hormones

72
Q
A

common chemical elements in the body

73
Q
A

manubrium

74
Q
A

sternal notch

75
Q
A

xiphoid process

76
Q
A

body of sternum

77
Q
A

negative feedback systems

78
Q
A

positive feedback systems

79
Q
A

acclimatization

80
Q
A

neurotransmitters

81
Q
A

epinephrine

82
Q
A

norepinephrine

83
Q
A

alpha receptor sites

84
Q
A

beta receptor sites

85
Q
A

muscarinic receptor sites

86
Q
A

nicotinic receptor sites

87
Q
A

layers of the heart

88
Q
A

mediastinum

89
Q
A

retroperitoneal cavity

90
Q
A

limbic system

91
Q
A

cilia

92
Q
A

function of c-shaped rings in trachea

93
Q
A

thoracoabdominal pump

94
Q
A

venus valves

95
Q
A

arteries

96
Q
A

arterioles

97
Q
A

veins

98
Q
A

veinoles

99
Q
A

capillaries

100
Q
A

heart valves

101
Q
A

mechanism for returning blood to heart

102
Q
A

layers of blood vessels

2023 City of Cincinnati Paramedic (3 decks)

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