Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Child Health KGB > General paediatrics > Flashcards

General paediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

What useful sign distinguishes purpura from other types of rash?

A

Blanching on pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does a non-blanching purpuric rash suggest?

A

Meningococcal sepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does excessive bruising/ purpura suggest?

A

Abnormality in the haemostatic mechanims

eg Henoch-Schonlein purpura, septicaemia, thrombocytopenia, haemophilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the normal values of pulse, BP and RR in a newborn?

A 
Pulse= 160
SBP= 70
RR= 60
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the normal values of pulse, BP and RR in an <1yo?

A 
Pulse= 110-160
SBP= 75
RR= 35-45
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the normal values of pulse, BP and RR in a 1-5yo?

A 
Pulse= 95-140
SBP= 80-90
RR= 25-35
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the normal values of pulse, BP and RR in a 5-12yo?

A 
Pulse= 80-120
SBP= 90-110
RR= 20-25
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does wheeze indicate?

A

Obstructive lower respiratory tract disease
with expiration
eg asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the most common cause of wheeze?

A

Reactive airways disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Is wheeze on expiration or inspiration?

A

expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is stridor?

A

a harsh, medium-pitched, inspiratory sound associated with obstruction of the laryngeal area or the extrathoracic trachea, is often accompanied by a croupy cough and hoarse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Is stridor on expiration or inspiration?

A

Inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is stridor associated?

A

obstruction of the laryngeal area or the extrathoracic trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the differential of the causes of stridor?

A

Foreign body
Croup
Acute epiglottitis
Bacterial tracheitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the likely cause in this scenario?
The sudden onset of cough with no prodromal upper respiratory tract symptoms and clinical signs such as stridor, unilateral wheezing or diminished breath sounds

A

Inhaled foreign body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the most common cause of meningitis in infants?

A

Group B strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In premature infants, hypoglycaemia is defined as blood glucose less than?

A

2.6mmol/l

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are clinical signs of hypoglycaemia in neonates?

A

Initially can be asymptomatic
Respiratory distress
Apnoea and convulsions occur after hours of hypoglycaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is an intraventricular haemorrhage associated with?

A

Hydrocephalus
sudden onset anaemia

Neurodevelopmental delay if severe

20
Q

What is an important relative contraindication to breastfeeding?

A

Materanl infection with HIV

21
Q

At what age should solid food be introduced to a child?

A

6 months at the earliest

22
Q

At what age should cows milk be introduced to a child?

A

1 year

23
Q

What causes chicken pox?

A

varicella zoster virus

24
Q

What are the routine vaccinations given in the UK?

A

BCG
Meningitis C
MMR
Pneumococcal vaccination

25
Q

What conditions are screened for in the UK child population?

A

Phenylketonuria
Congenital hypothyroidism
Cystic fibrosis

26
Q

What are the common causes of infectious diarrhoea?

A 
Viral (most common)
-Noravirus
-adenovirus
Bacterial
-Ecoli 0157
-C diff
Campylobacter
27
Q

What is the test for coeliac disease?

A

Tissue transglutaminate (tTG) for IgA

28
Q

What are milia?

A

Normal keratin filled cysts ‘milk spots’, which are seen commonly following birth. They disappear over time

29
Q

What is a stork bite?

A

A capillary haemangioma commonly seen on the back of the neck. A harmless birth mark

30
Q

What are the common symptoms of slapped cheek syndrome?

A

Present with a cold, fever and also a ‘slapped’ red cheek

Red cell production is stopped for around 10 days, so important in patients with haemoglobinopathies

31
Q

What is a red strawberry tongue seen in?

A

Scarlet fever

-caused by group A strep

32
Q

What is the pathogenesis of food allergy?

A

IgE mediated allergic reaction

33
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of food allergy?

A

Urticaria/angio oedema
Laryngeal/ bronchial obstruction
Anaphylactic shock

34
Q

What is the mechanism of an urticarial rash?

A

Histamine release by mast cells results in increased vascular permeability and dilatation of the capillaries, causing the urticarial rash

35
Q

What is involved in the 2 step allergy plan?

A
  1. Anti-histamine

2. Steroid (soluble prednisolone)

36
Q

What is the 3rd and final step in allergy management?

A

IM adrenaline

37
Q

What is the most common cause of croup?

A

Parainfluenza viruses

38
Q

What is croup?

A

A symptom complex comprising stridor, barking cough and respiratory distress due to upper airway obstruction

39
Q

Are oxygen saturations normal in croup?

A

Usually, as the upper airway problem does not affect gaseous exchange at an alveolar level

40
Q

What maternal antibodies cross the placenta?

A

IgG

41
Q

What immunglobulin does breast milk contain?

A

IgA

42
Q

What immunoglobulin is high in atopy?

A

IgE

43
Q

What does the HiB vaccine cover?

A

H. Influenza B, a cause of epiglottis

44
Q

What does the MMR vaccine cover?

A

Measles
Mumps
Rubella

45
Q

What does the Pneumococcal vaccine cover?

A

Prevents infections with strep pneumonia

-meningitis

46
Q

What does the Pertussis vaccine cover?

A

Whooping cough

47
Q

What is the commonest cause of anaemia in children?

A

Iron deficiency anameia

-mainly dietary

Child Health KGB (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions