General oto oral cavity overview Flashcards
Define the following terms:
● Ageusia
● Hypogeusia
● Dysgeusia
● Ageusia: Inability to taste
● Hypogeusia: Diminished ability to taste
● Dysgeusia: Distorted sense of taste
Describe the taste innervation of each of the following upper aerodigestive locations: ● Anterior two-thirds of the tongue ● The posterior two-thirds of the tongue ● The circumvallate papillae ● Pharynx ● Epiglottis
● Chordae tympani of facial nerve ● Glossopharyngeal nerve ● Glossopharyngeal nerve ● Glossopharyngeal and vagus ● Superior laryngeal branch of vagus
What is the most common cause of perceived
taste dysfunction?
Olfactory dysfunction
What tastes and odors are detected by the
trigeminal nerve?
Spice and ammonia
What is a Burton line?
A dark blue stippled line across the upper gingiva indicative of lead poisoning
Oral cavity nevi most commonly occur where?
On the palate and gingiva
Describe Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.
Autosomal dominant disorder characterized by intestinal
hamartomatous polyps and mucocutaneous melanocytic
macules involving the lips and buccal mucosa. It is
associated with an increased risk of developing GI,
pulmonary, and reproductive track malignancies.
What is the most common intraoral pigmented
lesion?
Amalgam tattoo resulting from amalgam implantation
from prior dental work
Review the risk factors for mucosal melanoma.
There are no known environmental risk factors. Smoking,
chemical exposure, and sun exposure do not appear to be
linked with an increased risk. A small subset may arise from
junctional nevi.
Which common medications are associated with
gingival hyperplasia?
Phenytoin, calcium channel blockers, and cyclosporine
Name several conditions associated with pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia.
Rhinoscleroma, granular cell tumor, blastomycosis, syphilis,
necrotizing sialometaplasia
What benign process is often clinically and histologically mistaken for squamous cell carcinoma of the hard palate?
Necrotizing sialometaplasia
Describe the important features of granular cell
tumors of the head and neck.
Most commonly involve the tongue, palate and less
commonly the larynx. They are sessile gray colored lesions
that are of probable neurogenic origin; they stain strongly
with s100 and histologically may be mistaken for squamous
cell carcinoma since they exhibit pseudoepitheliomatous
hyperplasia.
Describe the common oral manifestations of
Crohn disease.
Generalized mucosal swelling, cobblestoning of the buccal
mucosa and gingiva, aphthous stomatitis, and angular
cheilitis
Describe the common oral manifestations of
Sjogren disease.
Changes largely result from xerostomia, including difficulty
in swallowing and eating, disturbances in taste and speech,
dental caries, cobblestoning of the tongue, and increased
risk of oral candidiasis.
