General Osteology

Question 1

Classification of bones by Shape is divided into how many and their names?

Answer 1

Bones are classified into 4 classes. They are long bones, Short bones, Flat bones, and irregular bones.

Question 2

Classification of bones by location is divided into how many and their names?

Answer 2

Bones are classified into 2 categories. They are axial bones and appendicular bones.

Question 3

Axial bones are founded in … and …. . They are

Answer 3

head and torso. They are the skull, rib cage, and spine

Question 4

Appendicular bones are found in the …/… . They are

Answer 4

Arms and legs, Pelvis, and shoulders.

Question 5

Uses of bones. Name 7 uses?

Answer 5

• Support body
• Protect organs
• Act as levers
• used for mineral storage
• used for fat storage
• used for hormone production
• Used for blood cell formation

Question 6

What are bones made of?

Answer 6

• Bone ( osseous tissue )
• Nervous tissue
• connective tissue
• cartilage
• blood vessels

Question 7

Define long bones? Names of long bones and their main function?

Answer 7

• Cylinder-like shape, longer than it is wide
• arms (humerus, ulna, radius) and legs (femur, tibia, fibula), fingers (metacarpals, phalanges) and toes (metatarsals, phalanges).
• function as levers; they move when muscles contract.

Question 8

Define Short bones? Names of short bones and their main function?

Answer 8

• Cube-like shape, approximately equal in length, width, and thickness.
• carpals of the wrists and the tarsals of the ankles.
• provide stability and support as well as some limited motion.

Question 9

Define Flat bones? Names of Flat bones and their main function?

Answer 9

• Thin and curved
• Sternum, ribs, scapulae, cranial bones
• Points of attachment for muscles; protectors of internal organs

Question 10

Define Iregullar bones? Names of Irregular bones and their main function?

Answer 10

• Complex shape
• Vertebrae, facial bones
• Protect internal organs

Question 11

name parts of the bone in pic 1 note book

Answer 11

….

Question 12

Where us red marrow located?

Answer 12

fills the spaces of spongy bone

Question 13

What is epiphysis filled with ?

Answer 13

Spongy bone

Question 14

Where does epiphysis meet diaphysis

Answer 14

at the metaphysis

Question 15

Between what ages does bones stop growing

Answer 15

18 to 21

Question 16

What is cartilage replaced by when bones stop growing

Answer 16

osseous tissue ( bone )

Question 17

What is endosteum ?

Answer 17

Delicate membranous lining in medullary cavity

Question 18

What is medullary cavity ? What is it filled with ?

Answer 18

Hollow region in diaphysis . yellow marrow

Question 19

Where is yellow marrow located?

Answer 19

inside medullary cavity

Question 20

What is periosteum ?

Answer 20

a fibrous membrane that covers the outer surface of the bone except around extremities where bones meet .

Question 21

What attaches to the periosteum?

Answer 21

tendons and ligaments

Question 22

What does periosteum contain?

Answer 22

blood vessels , nerves , lymphatic vessels that nourish bone

Question 23

What is articular cartilage ? Its function ?

Answer 23

• Thin layer of cartilage where periosteum is absent .

- reduces friction and acts as shock absorber .

Question 24

What are osteoblast and where is it found ( ex ) ?

Answer 24

osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone and is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and endosteum.