General Microbiology Flashcards

Question

Pleomorphic def

Answer 1

organism or entity shape that is not distinctive or varies, present in all three domains (bacteria, archaea, and eukarya)

Answer 2

3rd domain of life. Includes Protista and Fungi kingdoms.

Answer 3

unicellular, eukaryotic organism that are not plants, animals, or fungi; includes algae and protozoa; a kingdom in the Eukarya domain.

Answer 4

photosynthetic protists with a cell wall mostly made of cellulose

Answer 5

like eukaryotic algae but with peptidoglycan cell walls instead of cellulose cell walls.

Answer 6

study of algae

Answer 7

diverse phylum or subkingdom (Protozoa) of chiefly motile and heterotrophic unicellular protists (ex: Euglena, amoebas, trypanosomes, sporozoans, paramecia) that are represented in almost every kind of habitat and include some pathogenic parasites of humans and domestic animals

Answer 8

study of protozoa

Answer 9

non-photosynthetic eukaryotes that can be unicellular (ex: yeasts) or multicellular (ex: molds) and often have cells walls made of chitin; a kingdom in the Eukarya domain

Answer 10

toxins produced by some fungi

Answer 11

study of fungi

Answer 12

eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms classified as members of the fungus kingdom

Answer 13

eukaryotic, multicellular organisms, classified as members of t he fungus kingdom

Answer 14

parasitic worms; Ex: ascaris species

Answer 15

viruses and prions

Answer 16

an organism living in, with, or on another organism in parasitism, where the parasite benefits while harming the other organisms

Answer 17

the study of parasites

Answer 18

obligate, intracellular parasites; include SARS CoV-2, Influenza, Ebola, Zika, and many others. Not considered living because they are not made of cells.

Answer 19

study of viruses

Answer 20

misfolded proteins that can be infectious; Ex: causative agent of mad cow disease and Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease in humans. Not considered living because they do not have DNA, cells, growth or development.

Answer 21

microbial cells encased in an adhesive, usually polysaccharide material and attached to a surface or interface, community of organisms, main way microorganisms grow in nature; Ex: plaque, microbial mat at liquid and air interface

Answer 22

microbes not attached to surfaces or interfaces of have broken off from a biofilm

Answer 23

1.) Attachment 2.) Colonization 3.) Development 4.) Active Dispersal

Answer 24

adhesion of a few motile cells to a suitable solid surface, utilizes extracellular surface components like flagella and/or pili on planktonic cells to form the biofilm

Answer 25

intracellular communication, growth, and polysaccharide (primarily), extracellular DNA, proteins, and lipid formations.

Answer 26

more growth and polysaccharides. When enough have grown there is a 3D ploom with water channels and nutrients.

Answer 27

The biofilm ruptures and releases bacteria to start a new cycle. Triggered by environmental factors such a nutrient availability.

Answer 28

a macroscopically visible population of cells growing on a solid medium, arising from a single cell

Answer 29

the description of a colony that includes the size, color, shape, edges, and elevations

Answer 30

microorganisms that are usually found associated with healthy body tissue, protective against pathogens, can produce nutrients (ex: Vitamin K), break down drugs, induce hormonal releases, etc.; Ex: Streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus

Answer 31

a disease-causing microorganism; Ex: salmonella species (bacteria, food poisoning), rhinovirus (virus, common cold), Giardia Lamblia (eukaryote, protozoan, traveler's diarrhea)

Answer 32

the ability of a pathogen to cause disease

Answer 33

an organism that causes disease in the absence of normal host resistance, usually present as part of normal flora; Ex: pseudomonas aeruginosa (bacteria) which is a part of normal flora that attacks cystic fibrosis patients due to their weakened immune system and vulnerable lungs.

Answer 34

growth of an organism within a host

Answer 35

sub-clinically infected individual who may spread disease but usually has few is any symptoms

Answer 36

Injury to the host that impairs host function

Answer 37

the degree of pathogenicity produced by a pathogen, increased virulence leads to infection and mortality

Answer 38

a disease, primarily of animals, that is occasionally transmitted to humans

Answer 39

humans gives disease to animals

Answer 40

20nm-200nm

General Microbiology Flashcards

Memorize all of the different general microbiology terms and develop a good foundational understanding of the principles of microbiology as well as the different domains of life and scientific name writing rules.