General Medicine Flashcards
What are the causes of meningitis
Neonates: Grouo B strep, Listeria, Ecoli
Children: Nisseria, Strep pneumonia
Elderly: Listeria, strep pneumonia
What is the most likely first line TB drug implicated in loss of colour vision?
Ethambutol
What 3 drugs do you give for Pulmonary Oedema
Nitrates
Furosemide
Ace inhibitors
Which TB drug causes peripheral neuropathy
Isoniazide
Which Q waves are considered pathological when seen on ECG
> 0.04 s
2 mm in depth
=/>25% of QRS
Causes of Poor R wave progression on ECG (2)
Prior Anterior MI
RVH with strain / LVH
Cardiomyopathy
LBBB
COPD
Causes of bigger than normal R waves from V1-V3/V6 (2)
RVH
Posterior MI
RBBB
Dx for dominant R waves, ST depression and upright T waves V1-V3 (1)
Posterior MI
How would you differentiate RVH and LVH on ECG
RVH: R wave V1+ S wave V5>10mm
LVH: R wave in V6 + S wave in V1>35mm.
Causes of short QT interval on ECG (3)
Hyperkalemia
Hypermagnesemia
Digoxin toxicity
Causes of prolonged QT interval on ECG (8)
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypocalcemia
Ischemia
Antipsychotics
Antiemetics
Antidepressants
Anti arrhythmias
Antibiotics
Causes of prolonged QT interval (3)
1st degree heart blocks
2nd degree Morbitz type 1
3rd degree heart block
List 3 causes of left axis deviation
LBBB
LVH
Inferior MI
(In left axis deviation electrical activity moves from Right )
List 3 causes of Right axis deviation
RVH
RBBB
Anterior MI
VTach
(Electrical activity has to move from left to right due to problem on the right)
List 3 causes of Extreme right axis deviation
Severe Obesity
VTach
Extreme RVH
Which drug should you avoid in a pt with PUD
Ibrufen
Causes of pathological Q waves
MI
Ventricular hypertrophy?
Which drug would you give in Asprin OD
Sodium bicarbonate
Which drug would you give in TCA OD
Sodium bicarbonate
Which drug would you give in Warfarin overdose
Vitamin K
Which drug would you give in Benzo OD
Flumazenil
Which drug would you give in digoxin OD
Digoxin immune Fab
Which drug would you give in poison OD
Charcoal
High drug would you give in Magnesium OD
Calcium gluconate
High drug would you give in potassium OD/Poisoning
Calcium chloride or calcium gluconate
High drug would you give in insulin OD
Glucose
Which drug would you give for hypokalemia
KCl
Which drug would you give in Torsades
(rhythm you can get during resusc)
Magnesium 2mg
Which drug would you give for arrhythmias
Amiodarone 300mg followed by 150mg (5mg/kg in paeds)
If not available
Lignocaine 1.5mg/kg IVI then 0.5 IVI 4min later
Outline the indications of Adrenalin
Cardiac Arrest
Anaphylaxis
Life threatening severe asthma
Severe hypotension not due to hypovolaemia
