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AF&RS > General Knowledge > Flashcards

General Knowledge Flashcards

To revise and test general topic knowledge

1
Q

What are the 6 criteria for TAC Vent

A 
Inlet
Air-track 
outlet
Comms
Covering jet
BA Team
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2
Q

What are the 7 constraints for TAC Vent

A 
4m ceilings
Not above the 4th floor
Not bigger than 200m square
Not multi-compartment fires
Casualty in exhaust
Not when backdraught suspected
Min 5 PPA trained personnel
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3
Q

What 5 roles must be TAC Vent Trained

A

IC
BA X 2
covering jet operator (vent?)
fan operator

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4
Q

What are the TAC Vent contra indicators?

A

No punch out at exhaust
Smoke continuing at the inlet
Smoke and flame at an unexpected exhaust

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5
Q

What are the conditions for BA rapid deployment?

A

People in need of urgent rescue and and are in view or close to the entry point
No more than 4 crew at the incident
No more than 2 BA wearers

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6
Q

When does Stage 1 BA procedure apply?

A

When it will not be a protracted incident
No more than 2 ECP
No more than 10 BA wearers in the risk area

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7
Q

When should you form a BA emergency team?

A

When there are six wearers in the risk area. They should be at the ECP and an ambulance should be requested.

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8
Q

Can you use guidelines in stage 1 BA procedure?

A

Yes - but not branch guidlelines

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9
Q

When does stage 2 BA procedure apply?

A 
Protracted incidents
More than 10 wearers
More than 2 ECPs
Branch guidlines need to be used
There is any working with HART
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10
Q

When would BA Main control apply?

A

A large complicated incident
Where more than 1 stage 2 ECP is established
A large number of BA wearers

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11
Q

When does a BA emergency occur?

A 
Wearer fails to return by TOW
An DSU is heard
Set fault or malfunction
Unforeseen failure of comms causes concern
When called by  the IC/SC, ECO or ECPS
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12
Q

What type of BA Emergency requires additional resoures

A

Class 1

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13
Q

True or false, a rapid deployment requires a radio message to service control?

A

True

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14
Q

True or false, an ECPS supervisor is appointed in Stage 1 entry control?

A

True - an ECPS should be appointed as soon as possible

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15
Q

True or false - ECO’s and ECPS’s have assistants in Stage 2 entry control?

A

True - assistants can be appointed to both roles

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16
Q

What is the minimum rank of the ECPS?

A

Crew Manager

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17
Q

What is the role of the ECPS?

A

The ECPS needs to understand the information from the BA board and get a brief from the ECO
The ECPS should assume responsibility from the ECO for the command and control of BA teams
The ECPS should assume BA comms with all teams operating from that ECP
Record any new intelligence that is relevent
Brief any new teams entering through the ECP

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18
Q

What is the minimum rank for a BAMCO?

A

Watch Manager

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19
Q

What are the duties of the BAMCO?

A

To get a brief on tasks and risks from IC
Identify each ECP, ECO & ECPS and establish comms
Establish availability of BA resources and personnel
Work out the need for relief BA from each ECP
Get relief teams to each ECP 5 mins from requirement
Form an intelligence picture form the ECPS and ECPs
Decide on the number and formation of BA emergency teams
Appoint a BA servicing officer

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20
Q

What are the conditions for re-entry?

A

Must be a clearly defined task
Cylinder contents must be sufficient for the task
Must be a minimum of 140 bar
The wearer must be fit to complete the task

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21
Q

What is the distance the first vehicle should be from an RTC on a regular road

A

Ideally 50m to allow for a rescue tender to arrive

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22
Q

What are the 2 zones in the team approach?

A

2m and 5m

23
Q

What are the six phases of the team approach to RTC?

A 
Scene Assessment and Scene Safety
Stabilisation and initial casualty access
Glass management and tool prep
Space creation
Full access
immobilisation and extrication
24
Q

What should RTC rescues be?

A

safe, time effective and casualty centred.

25
Q

What is the minimum stabilisation that should be applied to a vehicle?

A

5 points

26
Q

On a motorway when the police or HA are not in attendence how far back should the second appliance stop and place a sign?

A

400m

27
Q

What is the minimum safe working corridor at an RTC on a motorway or trunk road?

A

2m

28
Q

Name six things to take into account in an Environmental Risk Assessment?

A 
Nearby population
Livestock
Location of watercourses or sensitive groundwater
Location of sensitive habitat
local drainage
Polluting materials 
Type and quantity of media
volume and properties of any spilt materials
Weather conditions
29
Q

What is the model for pollution control?

A

The Source-Pathway-Receptor Model

30
Q

Name 2 important pieces of environmental legislation for Fire and Rescue Services?

A 
The Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2010 (EPR 2010)
Environmental Damage (Prevention and Remediation) (England) Regulations 2015
31
Q

What is the hierarchy of containment?

A 
Containment at source
Containment close to source
Containment on the surface
Containment in the drainage system
Containment on or in a watercourse
32
Q

What are the environmental impacts of firefighting foam?

A

Water pollution from;
de-oxygenation of the water
toxicity to aquatic life
accumulation of compounds and long term effects

33
Q

What in terms of controls measures is SSRI?

A

Site Specific Risk Information

34
Q

What is COMAH

A

Control of Major Accident Hazard Regulations 1999

35
Q

Name 4 environmental control measures?

A 
Containment
Dilution
Absorption
Transportation
Aeration
Recycling
Reduction
Treatment
Disposal
36
Q

What is flashover?

A

the stage of a fire where TOTAL THERMAL RADIATION form the
FIRE PLUME,
HOT GASES and
HOT COMPARTMENT BOUNDARIES
causes all
EXPOSED COMBUSTIBLE SURFACES to
PYROLYSE (release flammable gases) and
IGNITE when there is adequate ventilation.
It is the SUDDEN and SUSTAINED transition from a growing fire to a fully developed fire.

37
Q

What is BACKDRAUGHT?

A

Backdraught is where LIMITED VENTILATION can lead to a COMPARTMENT producing fire gases containing significant proportions of PARTIAL COMBUSTION PRODUCTS and UNBURNED PYROLYSATES. If these accumulate, the admission of air into the compartment when opened can lead to a SUDDEN DEFLAGRATION. which moves through the compartment and out of the opening.

38
Q

What is a FIRE GAS IGNITION?

A

Fire Gas Ingnition occurs when gases from a compartment fire have leaked into an adjacent compartment and mixed with air. This mix may then fall within the appropriate flammable limits, which if ignited will create an increase in pressure, either with or without an explosive force. It is not necessary for an opening to be made for this to occur. If an explosive force is experienced this is commonly termed a SMOKE EXPLOSION. An ignition with much less pressure the term FLASH FIRE is appropriate

39
Q

What are the 8 signs of flashover?

A

High heat conditions
Flaming combustion overhead
Ghosting tongues of flames
No water falling back after “gas cooling”
A sudden lowering of the smoke layer
The sound of breaking glass as windows fail
A change in smoke issueing (increased velocity and darkening in colour towards black)
The presence of light coloured smoke from pyrolysis

40
Q

What are the 9 signs of backdraught?

A

Fire in tightly closed compartments
Darkened windows
Windows, doors and door handles hot to touch (back of hand)
Rattling sound or pulsating smoke
smoke being drawn into back into openings
Ghosting tongues of flame in the compartment
Turbulance in the smoke layer
Whistling or roaring sounds
Change to fast moving smoke exiting at high velocity as if under pressure

41
Q

What is ventilation?

A

The removal of heated air, smoke and other contaminants from a structure or other location and their replacement with a supply of cooler cleaner air.

42
Q

What are the benefits of ventilation?

A

Replenishing oxygen and reducing carbon monoxide
Controlling temperature and humidity
Removing moisture, dust and other contaminants
Improving visibility and aiding navigation

43
Q

What is tactical ventilation?

A

The planned removal of heat and smoke from a structure on fire and their replacement with a supply of fresher air to allow other firefighting priorities.

44
Q

What are the four possible objectives for tactical ventilation?

A

Improve survivability
Improve conditions for entry and search
Reduce potential for rapid fire development
Restrict fire and smoke damage to property

45
Q

What are the two categories of ventilation

A 
Natural ventilation
Forced ventilation (mechanical means)
46
Q

What types of ventilation are there

A 
PPV
NPV
HVAC and Fire Engineered Systems
Powered smoke and heat exhaust systems
Horizontal ventilation
Vertical ventilation
Offensive Ventilation (close to and during)
Defensive ventilation (away from or after)
Uncontrolled ventilation
47
Q

What are the types of uncontrolled ventilation?

A 
Wind driven fire
Coanda effect
Piston effect
Trench effect
Stack effect
Dust explosions
48
Q

What are the two fundamental methods of conveying water to the fire ground?

A

Shuttles

Water relay

49
Q

What are the two types of water relay?

A

Closed circuit

Open circuit

50
Q

What are the four stages of a fire?

A

Incipient stage
Growth stage
Fully developed stage
Decay stage

51
Q

What are the classes of fire?

A

Class A - ordinary combustible materials
Class B - flammable liquids, greases and gases
Class C - gases
Class D - Combustible metals (magnesium, titanium, sodium).
Class F - Combustible cooking fuels

52
Q

How do fires spread and grow?

A

Direct contact
Conduction
Convection
Radiation

53
Q

What two types of control are there on fire development and spread?

A

Ventilation controlled fires

Fuel controlled fires

AF&RS (1 decks)

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