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Cert/Adv - Portugal > General info > Flashcards

General info Flashcards

1
Q

About how many grape varieties are being used for wine?

A

200

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2
Q

When did Portugal expel the Moors?

A

1250

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3
Q

When did Portugal sign the treaty of Windsor, and what did that accomplish?

A

1386, It created a diplomatic alliance that would pave the way for extensive trade between Portugal and England.

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4
Q

What did the Portuguese do in Madeira, shortly after colonizing it?

A

Burn the forests to make way for agriculture.

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5
Q

When did the English discover Port? Where?

A

1678, Lamego

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6
Q

What is mutage?

A

Arresting the fermentation wines with brandy.

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7
Q

What was the early nickname of Port?

A

Blackstrap

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8
Q

What caused a boom in sales of Port?

A

A war time trade embargo with France, which was from 1679 to 1685, then reinstated in 1688.

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9
Q

What and when made post-war trade feasible?

A

The 1703 Treaty of Methuen

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10
Q

In the mid 18th century, how much of English wine imports was Port?

A

2/3

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11
Q

What were the first two English port houses?

A

Warre & Co, and Croft and Taylor.

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12
Q

Which German founded the first export Port house, and when?

A

Christiano Kopke, 1638

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13
Q

What was often added to Port (illegally) for color

A

elderberry

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14
Q

What was the name of the company created to regulate issues of fraud?

A

Companhia Geral dos Vinhos do Alto Douro

“Douro Wine Company”

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15
Q

What is feitoria?

A

The best 335 vineyards marked with stone, fruit for the English market.

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16
Q

What was Portuguese brandy called?

A

aguardente

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17
Q

Who manages the Port appellation and regulations?

A

Douro Port Wine Institute (IVDP)

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18
Q

Where did Madeira start to gain favor, after Port sales increased for England?

A

American colonies and Brazil

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19
Q

What was Vinhos ao Roda?

A

Madeira wines that underwent the Atlantic round trip.

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20
Q

Which Madeira wines matured on the island?

A

Vinhos Canteiro

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21
Q

Name two American events that Madeira was used for as a toast

A

a glass of Madeira was raised to commemorate both the signing of the Declaration of Independence and George Washington’s inauguration

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22
Q

Who and when invaded Portugal to distrupt their trade with England?

A

France and Spain in 1807

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23
Q

What replaced Port as the favorite imported fortified wine for the English? When?

A

Sherry, late 1800s

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24
Q

What western event caused a significant decline in Madeira consumption

A

The American Revolutionary war

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25
Q

What was often planted in Portugal instead of vines after phylloxera?

A

Cork trees

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26
Q

What and when is the Junta Nacional do Vinhos?

A

1937, A group that consolidated small vineyards into a network of larger cooperatives.

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27
Q

Which two brands became the face of Portugese wine after World War 2?

A

Mateus and Lancer’s.

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28
Q

What is the highest Portugese classification?

A

DOP - Denominação de Origem Protegida

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29
Q

What is the second highest Portuguese classification?

A

IGP - Indicação Geogràfica Protegida

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30
Q

What is the lower tier of quality wines?

A

IG - Indicação Geogràfica

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31
Q

What is the lowest level of Portugese wine?

A

Vinhos de Mesa

32
Q

What does garrafeira mean?

A

“private wine cellar”, a Portuguese table wine with 2 1/2 years aging if a red (12 months in bottle), and 1 year for rose and white (6 months in bottle)

33
Q

What is the most widely planted grape variety in Portugal?

A

Castelao

34
Q

What was Castelao famously bottled as?

A

Periquita

35
Q

What is widely considered Portugal’s best grape?

A

Touriga Nacional

36
Q

What is Mencia known as in Portugal?

A

Jaen

37
Q

What are two often used synonyms of Touriga Nacional?

A

Bical Tinto and Mortagua Preto

38
Q

What are secondary common grapes in Portugal?

A

Alfrocheiro
Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela)
Baga
Aragonez (Tinta Roriz, known as Tempranillo in Spain)

39
Q

What is the most planted white grape in Portugal?

Where is mainly grown?

A

Fernão Pires (known as Maria Gomes in Bairrada)

Bairrada

40
Q

What is a white grape in Portugal, known for minerality?

A

Arinto

41
Q

What is a highly acidic white grape of Portugal, used in Madeira?

A

Sercial

42
Q

What is a “tropical” grape known to be grown/used in Alentejo?

A

Antao Vaz

43
Q

What two delimited regions share the exact same boundaries in the NW of Portugal?

A

Minho IGP

Vinho Verde DOP

44
Q

What can cause problems in Vinho Verde?

A

Grey rot

45
Q

How are vines traditionally trained in Vinho Verde? What have the often been replaced by?

A

high off the ground, in a system called enforcado

Modern trellis systems

46
Q

What’s the largest DOP in Portugal? How much acreage is under it?

A

Vinho Verde

15%

47
Q

What’s at the Spanish/Portuguese border?

A

The Minho river

48
Q

What is Vinho Verde’s most heavily planted white grape?

A

Loureiro

49
Q

What Portuguese town sees the highest quality Albarino production?

A

Moncao

50
Q

What are Red/Rosato Vinho Verde wines made of?

A

Vinhao (a teinturrier)

51
Q

Where is Transmontano IGP?

A

East on Minho

52
Q

What is the weather like in Transmontano?

A

Hot and dry

53
Q

Where is Duriense?

A

In the NE of Portugal, just south of Transmontano

54
Q

What is the preferred soil for Port grapes?

A

schist

55
Q

What are the three subzones in Douro?

A

Baixo Corgo
Cima Corgo
Douro Superior

56
Q

What is a Duriense fortified Moscatel do Douro?

A

Licoroso

57
Q

What are the 5 important grapes of Douro?

A 
Touriga Nacional
Touriga Franca
Tinta Roriz
Tinta Cao
Tinta Barroca
58
Q

What are important white grapes of Douro?

A

Malvasia Fina
Viosinho
Rabigato
Gouveio

59
Q

What is the term for Douro late harvest wines?

A

Colheita Tardia

60
Q

All Port wines were to be shipped from where, until when?

A

Vila Nova de Gaia, 1986

61
Q

What Portuguese house is credited with starting the style of dry reds?

A

Ferreira, with its Barca Velha line in 1952

62
Q

What is a signature component of blends from Dao?

A

Touriga Nacional

63
Q

What is the elevation of Dao’s best vineyards?

A

400-500 meters above sea level

64
Q

How much of Dao wine is red?

A

More than 75%

65
Q

What is Baga known for?

A

Astrigency and late ripening

66
Q

What kind of business dominates Lisboa?

A

co-operatives, often of low quality.

67
Q

What is the hard soil of Lisboa?

A

Chao Rija

68
Q

What are the two islands of Terras Madeirenses?

A

Madeira

Porto Santo

69
Q

What are the subzones of Vinho Verde?

A 
Moncao e Melgaco 
Lima
Cavado
Basto
Ave
Amarante
Sousa
Baiao
Paiva
70
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for Vinho Verde still wines?

Still wines with sub zone

Espumante

A

8%

9%

10%

71
Q

When was Vinho Verde DOP established?

A

1999

72
Q

What are the two DOPs of Duriense?

A

Douro

Porto

73
Q

How long must Douro Espumante be aged on the lees?

A

9 months on the lees

74
Q

When was Douro DOC established?

A

1998

75
Q

What are the 2 DOPs of Terras do Dao?

A

Dao

Lafoes

76
Q

What is chao de areia?

A

sand

77
Q

What is chao rija?

A

hard soil

Cert/Adv - Portugal (5 decks)

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