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Cert/Adv - Washington State > General info > Flashcards

General info Flashcards

1
Q

What are the top 7 grapes by acreage planted?

A 
Cabernet Sauvignon (10,293)
Merlot (8,235)
Chardonnay (7,654)
Riesling (6,320)
Syrah (3,103)
Pinot Gris (1,576)
Sauvignon Blanc (1,173)
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2
Q

How much of the US production comes from Washington?

A

5%

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3
Q

How much of the vineyards are located east of the Cascades?

A

95%

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4
Q

What is the average rainfall is Eastern Washington?

A

10-12 inches

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5
Q

What kind of climate is Eastern Washington?

A

True continental, with hot summers and cold winters.

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6
Q

What are serious concerns for growers?

A

Frost and winter freezes

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7
Q

What is the bedrock in Washington?

A

Basalt

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8
Q

What is on top of the bedrock

A

Deposits left from the Missoula Floods

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9
Q

How big is Columbia Valley AVA?

A

11 million acres

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10
Q

The Columbia Valley follows what outline?

A

The Columbia River Basin

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11
Q

What was Washington’s first AVA? When?

A

Yakima Valley, 1983

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12
Q

What was Washington’s first AVA? When?

A

Yakima Valley, 1983

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13
Q

As of 2013, how many wineries were in Washington?

A

850

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14
Q

Ste Michelle wine estates accounts for how much of Washington’s output?

A

60%

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15
Q

What 3 wineries are large players aside from Ste Michelle?

A

Hogue, Hedges, and Gallo

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16
Q

What parallel is below most of the wineries?

A

46th

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17
Q

What is the average diurnal variation in Columbia Valley?

A

28 degrees

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18
Q

What does Washington’s natural climate naturally suppress

A

mildew

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19
Q

The ridgelines of the Columbia Basin face which directions? What are they called?

A

East-west

Yakima Ford Belt

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20
Q

Which vines are more likely to not be as affected by frost and freezing?

A

Higher altitude vines

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21
Q

How far down in the Earth does the basalt layer reach?

A

12,000 feet

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22
Q

When did commercial wine growing surface in Walla Walla?

A

1860s

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23
Q

When did commercial wine growing surface in Walla Walla?

A

1860s

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24
Q

When did commercial vinifera reappear in Washington after prohibition?

A

1960s

25
Q

Who and when were the original distributors of Washington wine, post-prohibition? What wineries were allowed to go to private distribution a year later?

A

The Washington State Liquor Control Board, in 1934.

Washington wineries

26
Q

When did the Washington Wine “monopoly” end?

A

1969

27
Q

Who is known as the “Father of Washington Wine”? What did he do?

A

Dr Walter Clore

He proved that with appropriate sites, vinifera could withstand cold snaps.

28
Q

What was the first well known vineyard and when was it planted?

A

Harrison Hill Vineyard, on Snipes Mountain. 1963.

29
Q

Who catapulted Merlot as a strength of Washington winemaking in the 1990s?

A

Leonetti Cellars

30
Q

When did Columbia Valley get AVA status?

A

1984

31
Q

What 850-acre vineyard does Chateau Ste Michelle own?

A

Cold Creek Vineyard

32
Q

What marks the northern entrance to Yakima Valley?

A

Union Gap

33
Q

What 3 AVAs are in Yakima Valley?

A

Rattlesnake Hills
Red Mountain
Snipes Mountain

34
Q

What other produce is in Yakima Valley?

A

apple/stone fruit orchards
Concord grape vineyards
hops fields

35
Q

When did Syrah first get planted in Washington?

A

1986

36
Q

What are top vineyards in Yakima Valley?

A

Red Willow Vineyard
Boushey
Otis

37
Q

What is Washington’s most densely cultivated AVA?

A

Red Mountain

38
Q

What two vineyards were established almost simultaneously in Red Mountain?

A

Kiona

Ciel du Cheval

39
Q

What is the climate of Red Mountain?

A

Sunny, windy and arid

40
Q

When did Snipes Mountain become an AVA?

A

2009

41
Q

When did Snipes Mountain become an AVA?

A

2009

42
Q

When and what are the oldest vines of Snipes Mountain?

A

1917 Muscat of Alexandria

43
Q

When did Rattlesnake Hills become an AVA?

A

2006

44
Q

What is a historically important variety of Rattlesnake Hills?

A

Riesling

45
Q

How much of Walla Walla Valley AVA is in Washington?

A

2/3

46
Q

What is the main soil of Walla Walla Valley? How deep is it usually?

A

Loess

25-30 ft

47
Q

Who and when was the first vinifera planted in Walla Walla Valley?

A

1974, Gary Figgins

48
Q

What are the general borders of Horse Heaven Hills?

A

The Southern ridgeline of Yakima Valley and the banks of the Columbia River

49
Q

What was the first famous vineyard of Horse Heaven Hills? Who planted it?

A

Champoux vineyard, Don Mercer/Walter Clore, 1972

50
Q

What keeps fungal pressures low in Horse Heaven Hills?

A

Wind and low rainfall

51
Q

How is the temperature of Wahluke Slope compared to most Washington AVAs?

A

warmer

52
Q

What is the average yearly rainfall of Wahluke slope?

A

6 inches per year

53
Q

Which AVA formed in 2012?

A

Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley

54
Q

What is the northernmost AVA of Columbia Valley?

A

Lake Chelan

55
Q

How many acres are planted in Naches Heights?

A

About 50 acres

56
Q

When is budbreak in Columbia Gorge?

A

Late April

57
Q

What Walter Clore experimental planting happened in Columbia Gorge?

A

Pinot Noir, 1968.

58
Q

Who and when planted Puget Sound’s first notable vineyard?

A

Lambert Evans, 1872

59
Q

What type of grapes tend to thrive in Puget Sound?

A

Early-ripening varieties

Cert/Adv - Washington State (2 decks)

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